{"doi":"10.7774/cevr.2025.14.e23","title":"Nasal immunization with compound 48/80-adjuvanted acellular pertussis vaccines is an effective strategy to induce pertussis-specific systemic and mucosal immunity","abstract":"Purpose: Mast cell activating adjuvants induce vaccine-specific systemic and mucosal immunity when administered intranasally.Bordetella pertussis infects the respiratory tract and caused 0.45% childhood mortality in the United States before implementing pertussis vaccines.Pertussis infections are resurging.Immunity induced by current pertussis vaccines wanes quickly, possibly due to vaccine-induced T helper (Th) 2 and weak mucosal immunity.B. pertussis induces Th1, Th17, and mucosal immunoglobulin A (IgA) immunity, providing durable protection against disease.Next-generation pertussis vaccines that induce Th1, Th17, and IgA immunity may reduce the resurgence of pertussis.This study determined if nasal pertussis vaccines adjuvanted with the mast cell activator compound 48/80 (C48/80) modulate pertussis-specific immunity.Materials and Methods: Mice received intranasal C48/80-adjuvanted pertussis vaccines or subcutaneous aluminum-adjuvanted pertussis vaccines.Immunized mice were challenged with B. pertussis and monitored for protection against infection.Pertussis-specific immune profiles were characterized after immunization.A C48/80 and CpG adjuvant combination was evaluated to enhance pertussis-specific Th1 immunity.Results: Alum-adjuvanted pertussis vaccines induce Th2 immunity and undetectable IgA responses.Nasal C48/80-adjuvanted pertussis vaccines enhance pertussis-specific serum and mucosal IgA and Th2 and Th17 responses but not Th1 immunity.The C48/80 and CpG adjuvant combination enhances systemic and mucosal pertussis-specific Th1, Th17, and IgA compared to unadjuvanted pertussis vaccines, which may be the desired immune response to protect against pertussis infections. Conclusion:We demonstrate that nasal pertussis vaccines containing C48/80 adjuvants induce pertussis-specific IgA, Th1-, and Th17-associated immunity when combined with CpG, which may be an effective strategy to improve pertussis vaccines.","journal":"Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research","year":2025,"id":552654,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":1,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9579,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":53023,"name":"Soman N. Abraham","orcid":"0000-0002-1662-2096","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":487910,"name":"Herman F. Staats","orcid":"0000-0003-1039-1087","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1107385,"name":"Brandi T. Johnson‐Weaver","orcid":"0000-0001-7432-5383","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1449019,"name":"Alison Hofmann Church","orcid":"0009-0003-6689-0544","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":40,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:54:37.527189Z","pmid":"40741062","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}