{"doi":"10.7554/elife.89837.2","title":"Persistence of intact HIV-1 proviruses in the brain during antiretroviral therapy","abstract":"Abstract HIV-1 reservoir cells that circulate in peripheral blood during suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) have been well characterized, but little is known about the dissemination of HIV-1-infected cells across multiple anatomical tissues, especially the central nervous system (CNS). Here, we performed single-genome, near full-length HIV-1 next-generation sequencing to evaluate the proviral landscape in distinct anatomical compartments, including multiple CNS tissues, from 3 ART-treated participants at autopsy. While lymph nodes and, to a lesser extent, gastrointestinal and genitourinary tissues represented tissue hotspots for the persistence of intact proviruses, we also observed intact proviruses in CNS tissue sections, particularly in the basal ganglia. Multi-compartment dissemination of clonal intact and defective proviral sequences occurred across multiple anatomical tissues, including the CNS, and evidence for the clonal proliferation of HIV-1-infected cells was found in the basal ganglia, in the frontal lobe, in the thalamus and in periventricular white matter. Deep analysis of HIV-1 reservoirs in distinct tissues will be informative for advancing HIV-1 cure strategies.","journal":null,"year":2023,"id":411928,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9501,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":108383,"name":"Yelizaveta Rassadkina","orcid":"0000-0002-2450-476X","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":228700,"name":"Ce Gao","orcid":"0000-0002-3775-790X","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":336256,"name":"Sarah Isabel Collens","orcid":"0000-0001-7010-7266","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":108378,"name":"Xiaodong Lian","orcid":"0000-0002-6163-9452","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":79609,"name":"Isaac H. Solomon","orcid":"0000-0003-3432-0902","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":311025,"name":"Shibani S. Mukerji","orcid":"0000-0002-5677-6954","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":108339,"name":"Xu G. Yu","orcid":"0000-0002-8295-884X","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":108393,"name":"Mathias Lichterfeld","orcid":"0000-0001-9865-8350","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":658050,"name":"Weiwei Sun","orcid":"0000-0002-4578-6292","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":43,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:21:46.548301Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}