{"doi":"10.7554/elife.64815","title":"The development of Nanosota-1 as anti-SARS-CoV-2 nanobody drug candidates","abstract":"Combating the COVID-19 pandemic requires potent and low-cost therapeutics. We identified a series of single-domain antibodies (i.e., nanobody), Nanosota-1 , from a camelid nanobody phage display library. Structural data showed that Nanosota-1 bound to the oft-hidden receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, blocking viral receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). The lead drug candidate possessing an Fc tag ( Nanosota-1C-Fc ) bound to SARS-CoV-2 RBD ~3000 times more tightly than ACE2 did and inhibited SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus ~160 times more efficiently than ACE2 did. Administered at a single dose, Nanosota-1C-Fc demonstrated preventive and therapeutic efficacy against live SARS-CoV-2 infection in both hamster and mouse models. Unlike conventional antibodies, Nanosota-1C-Fc was produced at high yields in bacteria and had exceptional thermostability. Pharmacokinetic analysis of Nanosota-1C-F c documented an excellent in vivo stability and a high tissue bioavailability. As effective and inexpensive drug candidates, Nanosota-1 may contribute to the battle against COVID-19.","journal":"eLife","year":2021,"id":154707,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":62,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9339,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":310679,"name":"Joseph P. Gallant","orcid":"0000-0003-4943-1744","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":227005,"name":"Jian Zheng","orcid":"0000-0003-0909-128X","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":428539,"name":"Christopher Massey","orcid":"0000-0002-2396-8909","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":103757,"name":"Ke Shi","orcid":"0000-0003-4175-3714","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":255554,"name":"Wanbo Tai","orcid":"0000-0002-9864-8993","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":553733,"name":"Abby Odle","orcid":"0000-0003-0526-9503","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":553734,"name":"Molly A. Vickers","orcid":"0000-0003-3796-5730","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":103704,"name":"Jian Shang","orcid":"0000-0003-2600-6059","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":103703,"name":"Yushun Wan","orcid":"0000-0003-0496-6315","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":105109,"name":"Lanying Du","orcid":"0000-0001-5955-1294","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":103759,"name":"Hideki Aihara","orcid":"0000-0001-7508-6230","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":77538,"name":"Stanley Perlman","orcid":"0000-0003-4213-2354","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":310681,"name":"Aaron M. LeBeau","orcid":"0000-0003-3802-7789","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":103706,"name":"Fang Li","orcid":"0000-0002-1958-366X","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":103756,"name":"Gang Ye","orcid":"0000-0001-6034-2174","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":44,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:43:54.469024Z","pmid":"34338634","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}