{"doi":"10.7326/m23-2328","title":"Development and Validation of a Protein Risk Score for Mortality in Heart Failure","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome with high mortality. Current risk stratification approaches lack precision. High-throughput proteomics could improve risk prediction. Its use in clinical practice to guide the management of patients with HF depends on validation and evidence of clinical benefit. OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a protein risk score for mortality in patients with HF. DESIGN: Community-based cohort. SETTING: Southeast Minnesota. PARTICIPANTS: Patients with HF enrolled between 2003 and 2012 and followed through 2021. MEASUREMENTS: -terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide. RESULTS: = 496; median age, 76 years; 45% women; 33% with ejection fraction <40%) were mostly similar. In the development cohort, 38 unique proteins were selected for the protein risk score. Independent of ejection fraction, the protein risk score demonstrated good calibration, reclassified mortality risk particularly at the extremes of the risk distribution, and showed greater clinical utility compared with the clinical model. LIMITATION: Participants were predominantly of European ancestry, potentially limiting the generalizability of the findings to different patient populations. CONCLUSION: Validation of the protein risk score demonstrated good calibration and evidence of predicted benefits to stratify the risk for death in HF superior to that of clinical methods. Further studies are needed to prospectively evaluate the score's performance in diverse populations and determine risk thresholds for interventions. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: Division of Intramural Research at the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health.","journal":"Annals of Internal Medicine","year":2024,"id":424435,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":21,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9481,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":241822,"name":"Joseph J. Shearer","orcid":"0000-0002-1443-7428","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":75816,"name":"Maryam Hashemian","orcid":"0000-0002-9702-9752","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":901672,"name":"Rebecca Oyetoro","orcid":"0000-0002-0139-5492","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1043160,"name":"Hoyoung Park","orcid":"0000-0002-0184-1309","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1220904,"name":"Brittany Dulek","orcid":"0000-0002-6674-8009","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":431880,"name":"Suzette J. Bielinski","orcid":"0000-0002-2905-5430","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":339334,"name":"Nicholas B. Larson","orcid":"0000-0002-3468-4215","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":514402,"name":"Peter Ganz","orcid":"0000-0002-0437-8882","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":38114,"name":"Daniel Levy","orcid":"0000-0003-1843-8724","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":17625,"name":"Bruce M. Psaty","orcid":"0000-0002-7278-2190","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":654968,"name":"Jungnam Joo","orcid":"0000-0001-6961-8122","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":270374,"name":"Véronique L. Roger","orcid":"0000-0002-9347-7865","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1154444,"name":"Kayode O. Kuku","orcid":"0000-0003-3366-0702","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":73,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:58:07.191194Z","pmid":"38163367","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}