{"doi":"10.5705/ss.202025.0087","title":"Distributed Algorithms for High-Dimensional Statistical Inference and Structure Learning with Heterogeneous Data","abstract":"This paper addresses critical data-sharing issues encountered when disseminating individual-level data across multiple sites, particularly under stringent privacy constraints and site heterogeneity.In many multi-site clinical trials, for example, privacy concerns restrict sharing to site-specific summary statistics rather than raw data, complicating the analysis of global effects relative to individual or site-specific effects.Our contribution offers a robust distributed framework for high-dimensional, heterogeneous data analysis that overcomes these limitations.We develop a heterogeneous model that integrates both global and sitespecific effects, employing nonconvex regularization via difference of convex programming under an 0 constraint to ensure selection consistency.Although the underlying optimization problem is worst-case NP-hard, our method converges to the global minimizer in polynomial time with high probability under realistic conditions.Moreover, by applying 0 penalization exclusively to nuisance parameters while leaving hypothesized parameters unpenalized, our approach yields valid statistical inference.This work not only advances methodological research but also directly addresses the challenges of data sharing in distributed data environments.","journal":"Statistica Sinica","year":2025,"id":579175,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.95,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":377141,"name":"Xiaotong Shen","orcid":"0000-0003-1300-1451","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1489420,"name":"Hongru Zhao","orcid":"0000-0003-1437-9456","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:58:30.282164Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}