{"doi":"10.5588/ijtld.22.0439","title":"Predictors of TB disease in HIV-exposed children from Southern Africa","abstract":"BACKGROUND: P1041 was a randomised, placebo-controlled isoniazid prophylaxis trial in South Africa. We studied predictors for TB in HIV-exposed children participating in the P1041 trial. METHODS: We included data from entry until Week 108. Predictors considered were type of housing, overcrowding, age, sex, ethnicity, tobacco exposure, weight-for-age percentile Z -score (WAZ), CD4%, viral load (VL), antiretroviral therapy (ART) and number of household smokers. RESULTS: Of 543 HIV-positive (HIV+) and 808 HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) infants at entry, median age was 96 days (interquartile range: 92–105). Of 1,351 caregivers, 125 (9%) had a smoking history, and 62/1,351 reported current smoking. In 594/1,351 (44%) households, there was at least one smoker. Smoking caregivers consumed 1–5 cigarettes daily. In the HIV+ cohort, significant baseline TB predictors after adjusting covariates were as follows: WAZ (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.76, P = 0.002) and log 10 HIV RNA copies/ml (aHR 1.50, P = 0.009). Higher CD4% (aHR 0.88, P = 0.002) and ART (aHR 0.50, P = 0.006) were protective. In the HEU cohort, smoking exposure was associated with reduced TB-free survival on univariate analysis, but not after adjustment in the multivariate model. CONCLUSION: Low WAZ and high VL were strong predictors of TB disease or death. Rising CD4 percentage and being on ART were protective in the HIV+ cohort.","journal":"The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","year":2023,"id":409803,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9265,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":376083,"name":"Grace Montepiedra","orcid":"0000-0002-6866-4335","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":520733,"name":"Charles D. Mitchell","orcid":"0000-0001-6270-778X","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":227043,"name":"Shabir A. Madhi","orcid":"0000-0002-7629-0636","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":519690,"name":"Raziya Bobat","orcid":"0000-0002-2313-594X","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":447851,"name":"Avy Violari","orcid":"0000-0002-9437-776X","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":231911,"name":"Anneke C. Hesseling","orcid":"0000-0001-9399-9834","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":295667,"name":"Mark F. Cotton","orcid":"0000-0003-2559-6034","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1190014,"name":"E. R. Maritz","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":22,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:21:31.144858Z","pmid":"37491747","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}