{"doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0452","title":"Current Knowledge of Leishmania Vectors in Mexico: How Geographic Distributions of Species Relate to Transmission Areas","abstract":"<jats:p>Leishmaniases are a group of vector-borne diseases with different clinical manifestations caused by parasites transmitted by sand fly vectors. In Mexico, the sand fly <jats:italic>Lutzomyia olmeca olmeca</jats:italic> is the only vector proven to transmit the parasite <jats:italic>Leishmania mexicana</jats:italic> to humans, which causes leishmaniasis. Other vector species with potential medical importance have been obtained, but their geographic distributions and relation to transmission areas have never been assessed. We modeled the ecological niches of nine sand fly species and projected niches to estimate potential distributions by using known occurrences, environmental coverages, and the algorithms GARP and Maxent. All vector species were distributed in areas with known recurrent transmission, except for <jats:italic>Lu. diabolica</jats:italic>, which appeared to be related only to areas of occasional transmission in northern Mexico. The distribution of <jats:italic>Lu. o. olmeca</jats:italic> does not overlap with all reported cutaneous leishmaniasis cases, suggesting that <jats:italic>Lu. cruciata</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Lu. shannoni</jats:italic> are likely also involved as primary vectors in those areas. Our study provides useful information of potential risk areas of leishmaniasis transmission in Mexico.</jats:p>","journal":"The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","year":2011,"id":594599,"datarank":0.5983476069846413,"base_score":3.9889840465642745,"endowment":3.9889840465642745,"self_citation_contribution":0.5983476069846413,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.5983476069846413,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":53,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1522197,"name":"Eduardo A. Rebollar-Téllez","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1522198,"name":"Sergio Ibáñez-Bernal","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1522199,"name":"Ingeborg Becker-Fauser","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1522201,"name":"Enrique Martínez-Meyer","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":2451,"name":"A. Townsend Peterson","orcid":"0000-0003-0243-2379","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1522203,"name":"Víctor Sánchez-Cordero","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":762301,"name":"Camila González","orcid":"0000-0002-4510-7309","position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Current Knowledge of Leishmania Vectors in Mexico: How Geographic Distributions of Species Relate to Transmission Areas","abstract":"<jats:p>Leishmaniases are a group of vector-borne diseases with different clinical manifestations caused by parasites transmitted by sand fly vectors. In Mexico, the sand fly <jats:italic>Lutzomyia olmeca olmeca</jats:italic> is the only vector proven to transmit the parasite <jats:italic>Leishmania mexicana</jats:italic> to humans, which causes leishmaniasis. Other vector species with potential medical importance have been obtained, but their geographic distributions and relation to transmission areas have never been assessed. We modeled the ecological niches of nine sand fly species and projected niches to estimate potential distributions by using known occurrences, environmental coverages, and the algorithms GARP and Maxent. All vector species were distributed in areas with known recurrent transmission, except for <jats:italic>Lu. diabolica</jats:italic>, which appeared to be related only to areas of occasional transmission in northern Mexico. The distribution of <jats:italic>Lu. o. olmeca</jats:italic> does not overlap with all reported cutaneous leishmaniasis cases, suggesting that <jats:italic>Lu. cruciata</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Lu. shannoni</jats:italic> are likely also involved as primary vectors in those areas. Our study provides useful information of potential risk areas of leishmaniasis transmission in Mexico.</jats:p>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":3.9889840465642745,"endowment":3.9889840465642745,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"22049037","pmcid":"PMC3205629","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2100413123","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":3.4924,"citation_percentile":0.91910146,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2012,"count":4},{"year":2013,"count":4},{"year":2014,"count":3},{"year":2015,"count":4},{"year":2016,"count":4},{"year":2017,"count":4},{"year":2018,"count":4},{"year":2019,"count":7},{"year":2020,"count":1},{"year":2021,"count":2},{"year":2022,"count":6},{"year":2023,"count":2},{"year":2024,"count":2},{"year":2025,"count":6}],"oa_status":"bronze","license":"other-oa","oa_locations":[{"url":"http://www.ajtmh.org/deliver/fulltext/14761645/85/5/839.pdf?itemId=%2Fcontent%2Fjournals%2F10.4269%2Fajtmh.2011.10-0452&mimeType=pdf&containerItemId=content/journals/14761645","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"http://www.ajtmh.org/deliver/fulltext/14761645/85/5/839.pdf?itemId=%2Fcontent%2Fjournals%2F10.4269%2Fajtmh.2011.10-0452&mimeType=pdf&containerItemId=content/journals/14761645","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://www.ajtmh.org/view/journals/tpmd/85/5/article-p839.xml","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://www.ajtmh.org/downloadpdf/journals/tpmd/85/5/article-p839.xml","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0452","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22049037","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1808/13340","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3205629","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Research on Leishmaniasis Studies","Trypanosoma species research and implications","Insect and Pesticide Research"],"mesh_terms":["Animals","Demography","Humans","Insect Vectors","Leishmania","Leishmaniasis","Mexico","Psychodidae","Species Specificity"],"keywords":["Transmission (telecommunications)","Leishmaniasis","Current (fluid)","Leishmania","Vector (molecular biology)","Disease transmission","Geography","Biology","Ecology","Virology","Parasite hosting","Immunology","Computer science","Geology"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Life in Land"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-27T14:59:50.868497Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}