{"doi":"10.4149/bll_2023_024","title":"Malate reduced kidney injury molecule (KIM-1) expression and selectively upregulated the renal nitric oxide production in obstructive nephropathy","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Malate, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediary, upregulates renal nitric oxide (NO) signaling, and NO is renoprotective in nephropathy. OBJECTIVES: This study explored the hypothesis that malate could increase renal NO and decrease renal injury and fibrotic markers in obstructive nephropathy. METHODS: Kidney injury was induced in rats via unilateral surgical ligation of the ureter, there after, rats were treated with malate (600 mg/kg, p.o.) for ten days. Urine was collected on days 0, 4, 7 and 10. Urinary sodium excretion was also determined. Western blot and biochemical analyses were carried on the nephropathic kidneys. RESULTS: Malate reduced kidney injury molecule (KIM-1) expression in the renal cortex and medulla of nephropathic rats (p < 0.05). NO production was selectively increased in the medulla of nephropathic rats treated with malate (58.3 ± 1.3 vs 77.8 ± 4.4 µM/ng, p < 0.05). Superoxide dismutase and catalase activity increased in the kidney of malate-treated nephropathic rats (p < 0.05). Transforming growth factor (TGF-β), an index of fibrosis, increased in the cortex but not medulla of the malate-treated UUO group. There was a consistent increase in collagenase activity in the cortex, and a reduction in the medulla. CONCLUSION: Malate ameliorated the injury and inflammation but selectively reduced fibrosis in obstructive nephropathy (Fig. 6, Ref. 32). Text in PDF www.elis.sk Keywords: Malate, tricarboxylic acid cycle, nitric oxide, kidney injury molecule (KIM-1), obstructive nephropathy.","journal":"Bratislavské lekárske listy/Bratislava medical journal","year":2023,"id":367817,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":4,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9648,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":528437,"name":"Myung Chul Choi","orcid":"0000-0003-3811-5279","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1125813,"name":"Vashti Edosuyi","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":457170,"name":"Ighodaro Igbe","orcid":"0000-0003-0032-119X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":946162,"name":"Adebayo Oyekan","orcid":"0000-0002-8966-3921","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":946161,"name":"Osaze Edosuyi","orcid":"0000-0001-8566-3265","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":30,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:15:16.306414Z","pmid":"36598304","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}