{"doi":"10.4049/jimmunol.2100421","title":"Cutting Edge: Nucleocapsid Vaccine Elicits Spike-Independent SARS-CoV-2 Protective Immunity","abstract":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. Neutralizing Abs target the receptor binding domain of the spike (S) protein, a focus of successful vaccine efforts. Concerns have arisen that S-specific vaccine immunity may fail to neutralize emerging variants. We show that vaccination with a human adenovirus type 5 vector expressing the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) protein can establish protective immunity, defined by reduced weight loss and viral load, in both Syrian hamsters and K18-hACE2 mice. Challenge of vaccinated mice was associated with rapid N-specific T cell recall responses in the respiratory mucosa. This study supports the rationale for including additional viral Ags in SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, even if they are not a target of neutralizing Abs, to broaden epitope coverage and immune effector mechanisms.","journal":"The Journal of Immunology","year":2021,"id":147240,"datarank":0.7694848072384611,"base_score":5.1298987149230735,"endowment":5.1298987149230735,"self_citation_contribution":0.7694848072384611,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.7694848072384611,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":168,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9619,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":253810,"name":"Vineet Joag","orcid":"0000-0002-0723-3347","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":266257,"name":"J. Michael Stolley","orcid":"0000-0002-4321-6413","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":627089,"name":"Frances K. Shepherd","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":256760,"name":"Clare F. Quarnstrom","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":626115,"name":"Clayton K. Mickelson","orcid":"0000-0002-5418-412X","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":266262,"name":"Sathi Wijeyesinghe","orcid":"0000-0002-8819-2654","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":266259,"name":"Andrew G. Soerens","orcid":"0000-0001-7291-8433","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":627090,"name":"Samuel Becker","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":341867,"name":"Joshua M. Thiede","orcid":"0000-0002-6603-281X","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":626116,"name":"Eyob Weyu","orcid":"0000-0002-1755-0354","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":515227,"name":"Stephen D. O’Flanagan","orcid":"0000-0002-9286-1208","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":627091,"name":"Jennifer A. Walter","orcid":null,"position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":550017,"name":"Michelle N. Vu","orcid":"0000-0002-3208-710X","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":105316,"name":"Vineet D. Menachery","orcid":"0000-0001-8803-7606","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":341870,"name":"Tyler D. Bold","orcid":"0000-0001-7360-6546","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":626117,"name":"Vaiva Vezys","orcid":"0000-0002-2520-809X","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":318063,"name":"Marc K. Jenkins","orcid":"0000-0001-8009-7655","position":17,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":266263,"name":"Ryan A. Langlois","orcid":"0000-0002-0515-571X","position":18,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":252445,"name":"David Masopust","orcid":"0000-0002-9440-3884","position":19,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":341868,"name":"William E. Matchett","orcid":"0000-0001-7515-2226","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":15,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:42:30.206628Z","pmid":"34193597","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}