{"doi":"10.4049/jimmunol.2100274","title":"Converting an Anti-Mouse CD4 Monoclonal Antibody into an scFv Positron Emission Tomography Imaging Agent for Longitudinal Monitoring of CD4+ T Cells","abstract":"Abstract Immuno–positron emission tomography (PET), a noninvasive imaging modality, can provide a dynamic approach for longitudinal assessment of cell populations of interest. Transformation of mAbs into single-chain variable fragment (scFv)–based PET imaging agents would allow noninvasive tracking in vivo of a wide range of possible targets. We used sortase-mediated enzymatic labeling in combination with PEGylation to develop an anti-mouse CD4 scFv–based PET imaging agent constructed from an anti-mouse CD4 mAb. This anti-CD4 scFv can monitor the in vivo distribution of CD4+ T cells by immuno-PET. We tracked CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in wild-type mice, in immunodeficient recipients reconstituted with monoclonal populations of OT-II and OT-I T cells, and in a B16 melanoma model. Anti-CD4 and -CD8 immuno-PET showed that the persistence of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells transferred into immunodeficient mice improved when recipients were immunized with OVA in CFA. In tumor-bearing animals, infiltration of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells increased as the tumor grew. The approach described in this study should be readily applicable to convert clinically useful Abs into the corresponding scFv PET imaging agents.","journal":"The Journal of Immunology","year":2021,"id":181391,"datarank":0.42498200160843247,"base_score":2.833213344056216,"endowment":2.833213344056216,"self_citation_contribution":0.42498200160843247,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.42498200160843247,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":16,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9497,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":89095,"name":"Novalia Pishesha","orcid":"0000-0002-8124-1265","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":280931,"name":"Thibault J. Harmand","orcid":"0000-0002-7582-0519","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":328223,"name":"Hailey M. Heston","orcid":"0000-0002-9308-1908","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":276137,"name":"Andrew W. Woodham","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":280930,"name":"Ross W. Cheloha","orcid":"0000-0001-9871-8333","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":535259,"name":"Djenet Bousbaine","orcid":"0000-0003-2683-9544","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":234234,"name":"Mohammad Rashidian","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":245647,"name":"Hidde L. Ploegh","orcid":"0000-0002-1090-6071","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":647835,"name":"Ashraful Islam","orcid":"0000-0002-6943-3053","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":46,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:48:05.146883Z","pmid":"34408009","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}