{"doi":"10.3945/jn.111.155135","title":"Iron Fortification of Whole Wheat Flour Reduces Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia and Increases Body Iron Stores in Indian School-Aged Children4","abstract":null,"journal":"The Journal of Nutrition","year":2012,"id":603360,"datarank":0.6456097639806255,"base_score":4.304065093204169,"endowment":4.304065093204169,"self_citation_contribution":0.6456097639806255,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.6456097639806255,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":73,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1547797,"name":"Prashanth Thankachan","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":227055,"name":"Siddhivinayak Hirve","orcid":"0000-0002-9651-7789","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1547798,"name":"Vani Amalrajan","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":451005,"name":"Tinku Thomas","orcid":"0000-0002-1786-6076","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":638160,"name":"Himangi Lubree","orcid":"0000-0002-7473-2859","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1275515,"name":"Dhiraj Agarwal","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":451003,"name":"Krishnamachari Srinivasan","orcid":"0000-0003-1009-9094","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1547803,"name":"Richard F. Hurrell","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":859044,"name":"Chittaranjan S. Yajnik","orcid":"0000-0002-2911-2378","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":344133,"name":"Anura V. Kurpad","orcid":"0000-0001-7998-2438","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1547796,"name":"Sumithra Muthayya","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Iron Fortification of Whole Wheat Flour Reduces Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia and Increases Body Iron Stores in Indian School-Aged Children4","abstract":"Wheat is the primary staple food for nearly one-third of the world's population. NaFeEDTA is the only iron (Fe) compound suitable for fortifying high extraction flours. We tested the hypothesis that NaFeEDTA-fortified, whole wheat flour reduces Fe deficiency (ID) and improves body Fe stores (BIS) and cognitive performance in Indian children. In a randomized, double-blind, controlled, school feeding trial, 6- to 15-y-old, Fe-depleted children (n = 401) were randomly assigned to either a daily wheat-based lunch meal fortified with 6 mg of Fe as NaFeEDTA or an otherwise identical unfortified control meal. Hemoglobin (Hb) and Fe status were measured at baseline, 3.5 mo, and 7 mo. Cognitive performance was evaluated at baseline and 7 mo in children (n = 170) at one of the study sites. After 7 mo, the prevalence of ID and ID anemia in the treatment group significantly decreased from 62 to 21% and 18 to 9%, respectively. There was a time x treatment interaction for Hb, serum ferritin, transferrin receptor, zinc protoporphyrin, and BIS (all P < 0.0001). Changes in BIS differed between the groups; it increased in the treatment group (0.04 ± 0.04 mmol/kg body weight) and decreased in the control group (-0.02 ± 0.04 mmol/kg body weight) (P < 0.0001). In sensory tests, NaFeEDTA-fortified flour could not be differentiated from unfortified flour. There were no significant differences in cognitive performance tests between the groups. NaFeEDTA-fortified wheat flour markedly improved BIS and reduced ID in Fe-depleted children. It may be recommended for wider use in national school feeding programs.","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":4.304065093204169,"endowment":4.304065093204169,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"23014487","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2126933022","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":2.071,"citation_percentile":0.87557902,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2013,"count":4},{"year":2014,"count":4},{"year":2015,"count":4},{"year":2016,"count":2},{"year":2017,"count":2},{"year":2018,"count":7},{"year":2019,"count":9},{"year":2020,"count":7},{"year":2021,"count":13},{"year":2022,"count":9},{"year":2023,"count":4},{"year":2024,"count":3},{"year":2025,"count":4},{"year":2026,"count":1}],"oa_status":"closed","license":"http://www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S002231662202630X?httpAccept=text/xml","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S002231662202630X?httpAccept=text/plain","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"http://academic.oup.com/jn/article-pdf/142/11/1997/23953542/1997.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.111.155135","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23014487","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Iron Metabolism and Disorders","Nutrition and Health in Aging","Child Nutrition and Water Access","Adolescent","Anemia, Iron-Deficiency","Child","Double-Blind Method","Female","Ferritins","Flour","Food, Fortified","Gene Expression Regulation","Hemoglobins","Humans","India","Iron","Male","Prevalence","Protoporphyrins","Receptors, Transferrin","Triticum"],"mesh_terms":["Adolescent","Child","Double-Blind Method","Female","Ferritins","Flour","Food, Fortified","Gene Expression Regulation","Hemoglobins","Humans","India","Iron","Male","Protoporphyrins","Receptors, Transferrin","Triticum","Prevalence","Anemia, Iron-Deficiency"],"keywords":["Iron deficiency","Dietary iron","Fortification","Iron-deficiency anemia","Whole wheat","Food fortification","Food science","Wheat flour","Anemia","Nutritional deficiency","Chemistry","Micronutrient","Medicine","Malnutrition","Internal medicine"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Zero hunger"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-29T21:43:40.359320Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}