{"doi":"10.3899/jrheum.220610","title":"Lower Frequency of Comorbidities Prior to Onset of Giant Cell Arteritis: A Population-Based Study","abstract":"Objective To assess the frequency of comorbidities and metabolic risk factors at and prior to giant cell arteritis (GCA) diagnosis. Methods This is a retrospective case control study of patients with incident GCA between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2019, in Olmsted County, Minnesota. Two age- and sex-matched controls were identified, and each assigned an index date corresponding to an incidence date of GCA. Medical records were manually abstracted for comorbidities and laboratory data at incidence date, 5 years, and 10 years prior to incidence date. Twenty-five chronic conditions using International Classification of Diseases, 9th revision, diagnosis codes were also studied at incidence date and 5 years prior to incidence date. Results One hundred and twenty-nine patients with GCA (74% female) and 253 controls were identified. At incidence date, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) was lower among patients with GCA (5% vs 17%; P = 0.001). At 5 years prior to incidence date, patients were less likely to have DM (2% vs 13%; P < 0.001) and hypertension (27% vs 45%; P = 0.002) and had a lower mean number (SD) of comorbidities (0.7 [1.0] vs 1.3 [1.4]; P < 0.001) compared to controls. Moreover, patients had significantly lower median fasting blood glucose (FBG; 96 mg/dL vs 104 mg/dL; P < 0.001) and BMI (25.8 vs 27.7; P = 0.02) compared to controls. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed negative associations for FBG with GCA at 5 and 10 years prior to diagnosis/index date. Conclusion DM prevalence and median FBG and BMI were lower in patients with GCA up to 5 years prior to diagnosis, suggesting that metabolic factors influence the risk of GCA.","journal":"The Journal of Rheumatology","year":2022,"id":259355,"datarank":0.44166584687496613,"base_score":2.9444389791664403,"endowment":2.9444389791664403,"self_citation_contribution":0.44166584687496613,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.44166584687496613,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":18,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9444,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":911600,"name":"Jigisha Rakholiya","orcid":"0000-0003-0808-5718","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":406958,"name":"Tina M. Gunderson","orcid":"0000-0002-1678-8774","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":300279,"name":"Sara J. Achenbach","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":275610,"name":"Cynthia S. Crowson","orcid":"0000-0001-5847-7475","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":25209,"name":"Eric L. Matteson","orcid":"0000-0002-9866-0124","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":826493,"name":"Carl Turesson","orcid":"0000-0002-3805-2290","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":911601,"name":"Karin Wadström","orcid":"0000-0002-3051-3005","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":235212,"name":"Cornelia M. Weyand","orcid":"0000-0003-2230-9802","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":409496,"name":"Matthew J. Koster","orcid":"0000-0002-2895-6755","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":314374,"name":"Kenneth J. Warrington","orcid":"0000-0001-7708-2487","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":584738,"name":"Mohanad Elfishawi","orcid":"0000-0002-4795-8991","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":34,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:25:47.305414Z","pmid":"36521923","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}