{"doi":"10.36227/techrxiv.19929731","title":"Image Reconstruction Analysis for Positron Emission Tomography with Heterostructured Scintillators","abstract":"<p>The concept of structure engineering has been proposed for the exploration of the next generation of radiation detectors with improved performance. A Time Of Flight Positron Emission Tomography (TOF-PET) scanner with heterostructured scintillators with a pixel size of 3.0×3.1×15 mm<sup>3</sup> was simulated. The heterostructures consisted of alternating layers of BGO as a dense material with high stopping power and plastic as a fast light emitter. Using the GATE simulation toolkit, a detector time resolution was calculated as a function of the deposited and shared energy in both materials on an event-by-event basis. We saw that while sensitivity was reduced to 32% for 100 µm thick plastic layers and 52% for 50 µm, the CTR distribution improved to 204±49 ps and 220±41 ps respectively, compared to 276±9 ps for bulk BGO. We divided the events into three groups based on their CTR and modeled them with different Gaussian TOF kernels. On a NEMA IQ phantom, the heterostructures had better contrast recovery in early iterations, while on the other hand, BGO achieved a better Contrast-to-Noise Ratio (CNR) after the 10th - 15th iteration due to the higher sensitivity. The developed simulation and reconstruction methods constitute new tools for evaluating different detector designs with complex time responses.</p>","journal":null,"year":2022,"id":309251,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9634,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":349963,"name":"Nikos Efthimiou","orcid":"0000-0003-1947-5033","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":894309,"name":"Fiammetta Pagano","orcid":"0000-0001-9938-6799","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":349964,"name":"N. Kratochwil","orcid":"0000-0001-5297-1878","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":349966,"name":"M. Pizzichemi","orcid":"0000-0001-5189-230X","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":894310,"name":"Charalampos Tsoumpas","orcid":"0000-0002-4971-2477","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":46907,"name":"E. Auffray","orcid":"0000-0001-8540-1097","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":623838,"name":"K. Ziemons","orcid":"0000-0001-5744-7290","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1004286,"name":"Philipp Mohr","orcid":"0000-0003-4350-9969","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":56,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:33:11.579763Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}