{"doi":"10.36076/ppj.2010/13/e27","title":"Application of X STOP Device in the Treatment\nof Lumbar Spinal Stenosis","abstract":"<jats:p>Low back pain is exceptionally ubiquitous, complex, and costly. Nevertheless, lumbar\nspinal stenosis (LSS) with neurogenic intermittent claudication (NIC) is a frequent cause\nof low back and lower extremity pain. Although the phenomena and pathophisiology\nof lumbar spinal stenosis has been described for decades, therapeutic treatment\noptions remain considerably limited.\nCurrent care consists of conservative measures including physical therapy, rest,\nmedications, and epidural steroid injection therapy or invasive surgical treatment\nincluding laminectomy with or without fusion. Despite standard of care intervention,\nmany patients are often left inadequately treated and suffer from debilitating low back\nand lower extremity pain as a result of lumbar spinal stenosis. Interspinous process\ndistraction (IPD) devices were originally described in the 1950s, but technological\nadvances, which have contributed to improved safety and efficacy, have rekindled an\ninterest in IPD implantation. By mimicking lumbar flexion at affected levels of stenosis,\nit is thought these devices decompress neural structures within the neural foramina\nand therefore provide pain relief. X-STOP is one such device that is currently approved\nin the United States for the treatment of mild to moderate NIC resulting from LSS.\nThis manuscript presents a focused review of NIC and LSS and comprehensively\npresents literature related to the use of the X-STOP IPD device.\nKey words: Interspinous process distraction (IPD), X STOP, interspinous spacer (ISS),\nlumbar spinal stenosis (LSS), neurogenic intermittent claudication (NIC), low back\npain, sciatica</jats:p>","journal":"Pain Physician","year":2010,"id":686870,"datarank":0.4493598410330987,"base_score":2.995732273553991,"endowment":2.995732273553991,"self_citation_contribution":0.4493598410330987,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.4493598410330987,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":19,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1794411,"name":"Xiaobin Yi","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Application of X STOP Device in the Treatment\nof Lumbar Spinal Stenosis","abstract":"<jats:p>Low back pain is exceptionally ubiquitous, complex, and costly. Nevertheless, lumbar\nspinal stenosis (LSS) with neurogenic intermittent claudication (NIC) is a frequent cause\nof low back and lower extremity pain. Although the phenomena and pathophisiology\nof lumbar spinal stenosis has been described for decades, therapeutic treatment\noptions remain considerably limited.\nCurrent care consists of conservative measures including physical therapy, rest,\nmedications, and epidural steroid injection therapy or invasive surgical treatment\nincluding laminectomy with or without fusion. Despite standard of care intervention,\nmany patients are often left inadequately treated and suffer from debilitating low back\nand lower extremity pain as a result of lumbar spinal stenosis. Interspinous process\ndistraction (IPD) devices were originally described in the 1950s, but technological\nadvances, which have contributed to improved safety and efficacy, have rekindled an\ninterest in IPD implantation. By mimicking lumbar flexion at affected levels of stenosis,\nit is thought these devices decompress neural structures within the neural foramina\nand therefore provide pain relief. X-STOP is one such device that is currently approved\nin the United States for the treatment of mild to moderate NIC resulting from LSS.\nThis manuscript presents a focused review of NIC and LSS and comprehensively\npresents literature related to the use of the X-STOP IPD device.\nKey words: Interspinous process distraction (IPD), X STOP, interspinous spacer (ISS),\nlumbar spinal stenosis (LSS), neurogenic intermittent claudication (NIC), low back\npain, sciatica</jats:p>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":2.995732273553991,"endowment":2.995732273553991,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"20859324","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W179911575","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":1.9721,"citation_percentile":0.85207037,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2012,"count":9},{"year":2013,"count":1},{"year":2014,"count":2},{"year":2015,"count":2},{"year":2016,"count":1},{"year":2017,"count":2},{"year":2024,"count":1}],"oa_status":"bronze","license":null,"oa_locations":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2010/13/e27","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2010/13/e27","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20859324","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://digitalcommons.wustl.edu/open_access_pubs/8169","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://digitalcommons.wustl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=9179&context=open_access_pubs","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology","Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation","Pain Management and Treatment"],"mesh_terms":["Humans","Lumbar Vertebrae","Spinal Stenosis","Orthopedic Procedures","Prostheses and Implants"],"keywords":["Medicine","Neurogenic claudication","Lumbar spinal stenosis","Spinal stenosis","Sciatica","Lumbar","Low back pain","Claudication","Laminectomy","Intermittent claudication","Back pain","Surgery","Stenosis","Radiology","Spinal cord","Vascular disease"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Good health and well-being"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-18T20:42:41.611381Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}