{"doi":"10.3390/vaccines9030289","title":"Short or Long Interval between Priming and Boosting: Does It Impact on the Vaccine Immunogenicity?","abstract":"Characterizing the impact of the vaccination schedule on the induction of B and T cell immune responses is critical for improving vaccine immunogenicity. Here we compare the effect of a short (4 weeks) or a long (18 weeks) interval between priming and boosting in mice, using a model vaccine formulation based on the chimeric tuberculosis vaccine antigen H56 combined with alum. While no significant difference was observed in serum antigen-specific IgG response and the induction of antigen-specific T follicular helper cells into draining lymph nodes after the two immunization schedules, a longer interval between priming and boosting elicited a higher number of germinal center-B cells and H56-specific antibody-secreting cells and modulated the effector function of reactivated CD4+ T cells. These data show that the scheduling of the booster immunization could affect the immune response elicited by vaccination modulating and improving the immunogenicity of the vaccine.","journal":"Vaccines","year":2021,"id":171533,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":26,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9581,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":706274,"name":"G Pastore","orcid":"0000-0002-3219-6170","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":639994,"name":"Fabio Fiorino","orcid":"0000-0002-1440-8061","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":640003,"name":"Donata Medaglini","orcid":"0000-0003-1729-7325","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":706275,"name":"Annalisa Ciabattini","orcid":"0000-0002-4585-7783","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":639995,"name":"Elena Pettini","orcid":"0000-0002-0308-7127","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":46,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:46:33.067299Z","pmid":"33804604","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}