{"doi":"10.3390/vaccines10060944","title":"Influenza Virus-like Particle-Based Hybrid Vaccine Containing RBD Induces Immunity against Influenza and SARS-CoV-2 Viruses","abstract":"Several approaches have produced an effective vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Since millions of people are exposed to influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2, it is of great interest to develop a two-in-one vaccine that will be able to protect against infection of both viruses. We have developed a hybrid vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses using influenza virus-like particles (VLP) incorporated by protein transfer with glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored SARS-CoV-2 RBD fused to GM-CSF as an adjuvant. GPI-RBD-GM-CSF fusion protein was expressed in CHO-S cells, purified and incorporated onto influenza VLPs to develop the hybrid vaccine. Our results show that the hybrid vaccine induced a strong antibody response and protected mice from both influenza virus and mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 challenges, with vaccinated mice having significantly lower lung viral titers compared to naive mice. These results suggest that a hybrid vaccine strategy is a promising approach for developing multivalent vaccines to prevent influenza A and SARS-CoV-2 infections.","journal":"Vaccines","year":2022,"id":252668,"datarank":0.47670807455219194,"base_score":3.1780538303479458,"endowment":3.1780538303479458,"self_citation_contribution":0.47670807455219194,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.47670807455219194,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":23,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9561,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":255325,"name":"Shannon Stone","orcid":"0000-0003-2314-3437","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":726037,"name":"Noopur Bhatnagar","orcid":"0000-0001-9260-3957","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":255327,"name":"Pratima Kumari","orcid":"0000-0001-5248-7007","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":505194,"name":"Luis E. Muñoz","orcid":"0000-0002-2847-5070","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":743909,"name":"Judy Oh","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":435127,"name":"Ki‐Hye Kim","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":506523,"name":"Jameson Berry","orcid":"0000-0002-3170-4815","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":606640,"name":"Kristen M. Jacobsen","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":897866,"name":"Lahcen Jaafar","orcid":null,"position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":897867,"name":"Swe-Htet Naing","orcid":null,"position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":897868,"name":"Allison N. Blackerby","orcid":null,"position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":897869,"name":"Tori Van der Gaag","orcid":null,"position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":897870,"name":"Chloe N. Wright","orcid":null,"position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":383168,"name":"Lilin Lai","orcid":"0000-0002-9528-6990","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":505197,"name":"Christopher D. Pack","orcid":"0000-0002-6325-7837","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":505855,"name":"Sampath Ramachandiran","orcid":null,"position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":106937,"name":"Mehul S. Suthar","orcid":"0000-0002-2686-8380","position":17,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":301247,"name":"Sang‐Moo Kang","orcid":"0000-0001-6198-331X","position":18,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":255329,"name":"Mukesh Kumar","orcid":"0000-0003-0970-4875","position":19,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":897871,"name":"Shaker Reddy","orcid":null,"position":20,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":505199,"name":"Periasamy Selvaraj","orcid":"0000-0003-3130-0551","position":21,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":505193,"name":"Ramireddy Bommireddy","orcid":"0000-0001-7367-3159","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":66,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:24:50.819822Z","pmid":"35746552","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}