{"doi":"10.3390/pathogens9030180","title":"Immune Phenotype and Functionality of Mtb-Specific T-Cells in HIV/TB Co-Infected Patients on Antiretroviral Treatment","abstract":"The performance of host blood-based biomarkers for tuberculosis (TB) in HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) has not been fully assessed. We evaluated the immune phenotype and functionality of antigen-specific T-cell responses in HIV positive (+) participants with TB (n = 12) compared to HIV negative (−) participants with either TB (n = 9) or latent TB infection (LTBI) (n = 9). We show that the cytokine profile of Mtb-specific CD4+ T-cells in participants with TB, regardless of HIV status, was predominantly single IFN-γ or dual IFN-γ/ TNFα. Whilst ESAT-6/CFP-10 responding T-cells were predominantly of an effector memory (CD27−CD45RA−CCR7−) profile, HIV-specific T-cells were mainly of a central (CD27+CD45RA−CCR7+) and transitional memory (CD27+CD45RA+/−CCR7−) phenotype on both CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells. Using receiving operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, co-expression of CD38 and HLA-DR on ESAT-6/CFP-10 responding total cytokine-producing CD4+ T-cells had a high sensitivity for discriminating HIV+TB (100%, 95% CI 70–100) and HIV−TB (100%, 95% CI 70–100) from latent TB with high specificity (100%, 95% CI 68–100 for HIV−TB) at a cut-off value of 5% and 13%, respectively. TB treatment reduced the proportion of Mtb-specific total cytokine+CD38+HLA-DR+ CD4+ T-cells only in HIV−TB (p = 0.001). Our results suggest that co-expression of CD38 and HLA-DR on Mtb-specific CD4+ T-cells could serve as a TB diagnosis tool regardless of HIV status.","journal":"Pathogens","year":2020,"id":87319,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":11,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9635,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":443981,"name":"Cheleka A. M. Mpande","orcid":"0000-0003-3438-2214","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":444778,"name":"Tim Reid","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":425983,"name":"Sikhulile Moyo","orcid":"0000-0003-3821-4592","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":414372,"name":"Sanghyuk S. Shin","orcid":"0000-0001-9982-4373","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":387855,"name":"Nicola M. Zetola","orcid":"0000-0003-0712-8579","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":443982,"name":"Tuelo Mogashoa","orcid":"0000-0003-4156-8746","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":425980,"name":"Rosemary Musonda","orcid":"0009-0009-9937-6908","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":443983,"name":"Ishmael Kasvosve","orcid":"0000-0002-2046-545X","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":252307,"name":"Thomas J. Scriba","orcid":"0000-0002-0641-1359","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":424014,"name":"Elisa Nemes","orcid":"0000-0003-1662-4961","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":425985,"name":"Simani Gaseitsiwe","orcid":"0000-0002-7089-3735","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":443980,"name":"Lucy Mupfumi","orcid":"0000-0002-2290-2481","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":35,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T21:59:31.247492Z","pmid":"32131556","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}