{"doi":"10.3390/nu16142250","title":"Mice Condition Cephalic-Phase Insulin Release to Flavors Associated with Postoral Actions of Concentrated Glucose","abstract":"Rats can condition cephalic-phase insulin responses (CPIRs) to specific sounds or times of the day that predict food availability. The present study asked whether mice can condition a CPIR to the flavor of sapid solutions that produce postoral glucose stimulation. To this end, we subjected C57BL/6 mice to one of six experimental protocols. We varied both the duration of the five training sessions (i.e., 23 h or 1 h) and the nature of the training solution. In Experiment 1, consumption of a 0.61% saccharin solution was paired with IG co-infusion of a 16% glucose solution. In Experiments 2-6, the mice consumed a training solution containing a mixture of 0.61% saccharin + 16% glucose, 32% sucrose, 32% maltodextrin, flavored 32% maltodextrin, or 16% maltodextrin. We subsequently asked whether consumption of any of these fluids conditioned a CPIR to a test solution that produced a similar flavor, but which did not elicit a CPIR in naïve mice. The mice did condition a CPIR, but only to the solutions containing 32% maltodextrin. We attribute this conditioning to postoral actions of the concentrated maltodextrin solutions.","journal":"Nutrients","year":2024,"id":465922,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":4,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9619,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1297312,"name":"Alix Archambeau","orcid":"0000-0002-9047-348X","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1297313,"name":"Lillian R. Brouwer","orcid":"0009-0002-8142-0383","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1297314,"name":"Alyson Dennis","orcid":"0000-0001-7761-3786","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1297750,"name":"Kiriaki Georgiou","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1219764,"name":"Jessica Ivanov","orcid":"0000-0001-9691-2132","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1297751,"name":"Rochelle Vayntrub","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":394608,"name":"Anthony Sclafani","orcid":"0000-0002-3282-0068","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":391158,"name":"John I. Glendinning","orcid":"0000-0001-8290-6081","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":85,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:04:50.328230Z","pmid":"39064693","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}