{"doi":"10.3390/microorganisms9081755","title":"The Effect of Common Viral Inactivation Techniques on 16S rRNA Amplicon-Based Analysis of the Gut Microbiota","abstract":"Research investigating the gut microbiome (GM) during a viral infection may necessitate inactivation of the fecal viral load. Here, we assess how common viral inactivation techniques affect 16S rRNA-based analysis of the gut microbiome. Five common viral inactivation methods were applied to cross-matched fecal samples from sixteen female CD-1 mice of the same GM background prior to fecal DNA extraction. The V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified and sequenced from extracted DNA. Treatment-dependent effects on DNA yield, genus-level taxonomic abundance, and alpha and beta diversity metrics were assessed. A sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-based inactivation method and Holder pasteurization had no effect on measures of microbial richness, while two Buffer AVL-based inactivation methods resulted in a decrease in detected richness. SDS inactivation, Holder pasteurization, and the AVL-based inactivation methods had no effect on measures of alpha diversity within samples or beta diversity between samples. Fecal DNA extracted with TRIzol-treated samples failed to amplify and sequence, making it unsuitable for microbiome analysis. These results provide guidance in the 16S rRNA microbiome analysis of fecal samples requiring viral inactivation.","journal":"Microorganisms","year":2021,"id":205035,"datarank":0.33350860980308594,"base_score":1.3862943611198906,"endowment":1.3862943611198906,"self_citation_contribution":0.20794415416798362,"citation_network_contribution":0.12556445563510232,"self_endowment_contribution":0.20794415416798362,"citer_contribution":0.12556445563510232,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":3,"citer_count":3,"citers_with_citation_signal":3,"citers_with_endowment":3,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9683,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":787927,"name":"Kevin L. Gustafson","orcid":"0000-0002-2104-8762","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":295103,"name":"Aaron C. Ericsson","orcid":"0000-0002-3053-7269","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":787926,"name":"Zachary L. McAdams","orcid":"0000-0003-2883-507X","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":34,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:51:30.197308Z","pmid":"34442834","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}