{"doi":"10.3390/microorganisms12061207","title":"Hepatitis B Virus Prevalence among HIV-Uninfected People Living in Rural and Peri-Urban Areas in Botswana","abstract":"(1) Background: we determined the prevalence of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) amongst people without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in rural and peri-urban areas in Botswana. (2) Methods: We screened for the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) from archived plasma samples of people without HIV (n = 2135) randomly selected from the Botswana Combination Prevention Program (BCPP) (2013–2018). We sequenced 415 bp of the surface region using BigDye sequencing chemistry. (3) Results: The median age of participants was 31 (IQR: 24–46) and 64% (1360/2135) were female. HBV prevalence was 4.0% (86/2135) [95% CI: 3.3–4.9]) and ranged between 0–9.2%. Older participants (>35 years) had increased odds of HBV positivity (OR: 1.94; 95% CI: [1.32–2.86]; p = 0.001). Thirteen samples were sequenced and seven (53.8%) were genotype A, three (23.1%) were genotype D and genotype E each. Clinically significant mutations were identified in the surface region, but no classic drug resistance mutations were identified. (4) Conclusions: We report an HBV prevalence of 4.0% (95% CI 3.3–4.9) among people without HIV in rural and peri-urban communities in Botswana with varying rates in different communities. A comprehensive national HBV program is required in Botswana to guide HBV prevention, testing and management.","journal":"Microorganisms","year":2024,"id":471237,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":2,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.8793,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1306158,"name":"Thabo Mangogola","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":425975,"name":"Bonolo B. Phinius","orcid":"0000-0002-0180-2705","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1068192,"name":"Gorata Mpebe","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1305792,"name":"Christopher O. Aimakhu","orcid":"0000-0002-9012-2567","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":425978,"name":"Wonderful T. Choga","orcid":"0000-0001-7606-0569","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1096091,"name":"Basetsana Phakedi","orcid":"0009-0005-9029-6427","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":992617,"name":"Lynnette Bhebhe","orcid":"0000-0003-0282-0793","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":941552,"name":"Doreen Ditshwanelo","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":425979,"name":"Kabo Baruti","orcid":"0000-0002-1592-7533","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1306159,"name":"Linda Mpofu-Dobo","orcid":null,"position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1306160,"name":"Lebogang Othusitse","orcid":null,"position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1096090,"name":"Tsholofelo Ratsoma","orcid":"0009-0006-9815-9088","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":260844,"name":"Tendani Gaolathe","orcid":null,"position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":393322,"name":"Joseph Makhema","orcid":"0000-0003-0017-2438","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":431953,"name":"Roger Shapiro","orcid":"0000-0002-4832-6275","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":257497,"name":"Shahin Lockman","orcid":"0000-0002-5384-9716","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":425983,"name":"Sikhulile Moyo","orcid":"0000-0003-3821-4592","position":17,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":425985,"name":"Simani Gaseitsiwe","orcid":"0000-0002-7089-3735","position":18,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":425976,"name":"Motswedi Anderson","orcid":"0000-0001-9974-9684","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":74,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:05:44.736405Z","pmid":"38930589","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}