{"doi":"10.3390/metabo11050274","title":"Hyperpolarized 13C Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging of Pyruvate Metabolism in Murine Breast Cancer Models of Different Metastatic Potential","abstract":"This study uses dynamic hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) to estimate differences in glycolytic metabolism between highly metastatic (4T1, n = 7) and metastatically dormant (4T07, n = 7) murine breast cancer models. The apparent conversion rate of pyruvate-to-lactate (kPL) and lactate-to-pyruvate area-under-the-curve ratio (AUCL/P) were estimated from the metabolite images and compared with biochemical metabolic measures and immunohistochemistry (IHC). A non-significant trend of increasing kPL (p = 0.17) and AUCL/P (p = 0.11) from 4T07 to 4T1 tumors was observed. No significant differences in tumor IHC lactate dehydrogenase-A (LDHA), monocarboxylate transporter-1 (MCT1), cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31), and hypoxia inducible factor-α (HIF-1α), tumor lactate-dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, or blood lactate or glucose levels were found between the two tumor lines. However, AUCL/P was significantly correlated with tumor LDH activity (ρspearman = 0.621, p = 0.027) and blood glucose levels (ρspearman = −0.474, p = 0.042). kPL displayed a similar, non-significant trend for LDH activity (ρspearman = 0.480, p = 0.114) and blood glucose levels (ρspearman = −0.414, p = 0.088). Neither kPL nor AUCL/P were significantly correlated with blood lactate levels or tumor LDHA or MCT1. The significant positive correlation between AUCL/P and tumor LDH activity indicates the potential of AUCL/P as a biomarker of glycolytic metabolism in breast cancer models. However, the lack of a significant difference between in vivo tumor metabolism for the two models suggest similar pyruvate-to-lactate conversion despite differing metastatic potential.","journal":"Metabolites","year":2021,"id":191862,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":12,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9336,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":758968,"name":"Paul Begovatz","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":416370,"name":"Gregory P. Barton","orcid":"0000-0001-7471-5488","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":538132,"name":"Sarah J. Erickson-Bhatt","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":20000,"name":"David R. Inman","orcid":"0000-0001-5820-4688","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":532772,"name":"Benjamin L. Cox","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":72584,"name":"Kevin W. Eliceiri","orcid":"0000-0001-8678-670X","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":537507,"name":"Roberta M. Strigel","orcid":"0009-0009-3321-5984","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":233813,"name":"Suzanne M. Ponik","orcid":"0000-0003-1367-4349","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":347635,"name":"Sean B. Fain","orcid":"0000-0001-5461-0646","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":544272,"name":"Erin B. Macdonald","orcid":"0000-0002-3065-8538","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":46,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:49:39.281850Z","pmid":"33925445","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}