{"doi":"10.3390/medsci6010002","title":"The ODC 3′-Untranslated Region and 5′-Untranslated Region Contain cis-Regulatory Elements: Implications for Carcinogenesis","abstract":"<jats:p>It has been hypothesized that both the 3′-untranslated region (3′UTR) and the 5′-untranslated region (5′UTR) of the ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) mRNA influence the expression of the ODC protein. Here, we use luciferase expression constructs to examine the influence of both UTRs in keratinocyte derived cell lines. The ODC 5′UTR or 3′UTR was cloned into the pGL3 control vector upstream or downstream of the luciferase reporter gene, respectively, and luciferase activity was measured in both non-tumorigenic and tumorigenic mouse keratinocyte cell lines. Further analysis of the influence of the 3′UTR on luciferase activity was accomplished through site-directed mutagenesis and distal deletion analysis within this region. Insertion of either the 5′UTR or 3′UTR into a luciferase vector resulted in a decrease in luciferase activity when compared to the control vector. Deletion analysis of the 3′UTR revealed a region between bases 1969 and 2141 that was inhibitory, and mutating residues within that region increased luciferase activity. These data suggest that both the 5′UTR and 3′UTR of ODC contain cis-acting regulatory elements that control intracellular ODC protein levels.</jats:p>","journal":"Medical Sciences","year":2017,"id":589271,"datarank":0.2654620703262649,"base_score":1.3862943611198906,"endowment":1.3862943611198906,"self_citation_contribution":0.20794415416798362,"citation_network_contribution":0.05751791615828128,"self_endowment_contribution":0.20794415416798362,"citer_contribution":0.05751791615828128,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":3,"citer_count":3,"citers_with_citation_signal":1,"citers_with_endowment":1,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1507656,"name":"Lisa Shantz","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1507655,"name":"Shannon Nowotarski","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"The ODC 3′-Untranslated Region and 5′-Untranslated Region Contain cis-Regulatory Elements: Implications for Carcinogenesis","abstract":"<jats:p>It has been hypothesized that both the 3′-untranslated region (3′UTR) and the 5′-untranslated region (5′UTR) of the ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) mRNA influence the expression of the ODC protein. Here, we use luciferase expression constructs to examine the influence of both UTRs in keratinocyte derived cell lines. The ODC 5′UTR or 3′UTR was cloned into the pGL3 control vector upstream or downstream of the luciferase reporter gene, respectively, and luciferase activity was measured in both non-tumorigenic and tumorigenic mouse keratinocyte cell lines. Further analysis of the influence of the 3′UTR on luciferase activity was accomplished through site-directed mutagenesis and distal deletion analysis within this region. Insertion of either the 5′UTR or 3′UTR into a luciferase vector resulted in a decrease in luciferase activity when compared to the control vector. Deletion analysis of the 3′UTR revealed a region between bases 1969 and 2141 that was inhibitory, and mutating residues within that region increased luciferase activity. These data suggest that both the 5′UTR and 3′UTR of ODC contain cis-acting regulatory elements that control intracellular ODC protein levels.</jats:p>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":1.3862943611198906,"endowment":1.3862943611198906,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"29271923","pmcid":"PMC5872159","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2777567478","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"NIH","grant_id":"ES19242","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIH","grant_id":"CA142051","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIEHS NIH HHS","grant_id":"R21 ES019242","title":null},{"funder_name":"NCI NIH HHS","grant_id":"R03 CA142051","title":null},{"funder_name":"National Institutes of Health","grant_id":"5R21ES019242-02","title":"mTOR-dependent pathways in skin carcinogenesis"},{"funder_name":"National Institutes of Health","grant_id":"1R03CA142051-01","title":"Epidermal stem cell properties in mice with altered polyamines"},{"funder_name":"The Pennsylvania Department of Health Tobacco CURE funds","grant_id":"","title":null}],"total_grants":7,"fwci":0.1013,"citation_percentile":0.488745,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2018,"count":1},{"year":2023,"count":1},{"year":2024,"count":1}],"oa_status":"gold","license":"cc-by","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3271/6/1/2/pdf?version=1513943371","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3271/6/1/2/pdf?version=1513943371","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3271/6/1/2/pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci6010002","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29271923","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://doaj.org/article/1780d8f865c844b38b17d8db3578c740","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5872159","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medsci6010002","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5872159","host_type":"Europe_PMC"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5872159?pdf=render","host_type":"Europe_PMC"},{"url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medsci6010002","host_type":""}],"fields_of_study":["Polyamine Metabolism and Applications","Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism","Epigenetics and DNA Methylation","0301 basic medicine","0303 health sciences","03 medical and health sciences"],"mesh_terms":[],"keywords":["Luciferase","Untranslated region","Three prime untranslated region","Five prime untranslated region","Biology","Molecular biology","Reporter gene","Messenger RNA","Gene expression","Gene","Genetics","Transfection","Polyamines","Ornithine decarboxylase","R","Medicine","Article"],"sdg_mappings":[],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-23T15:25:07.325878Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}