{"doi":"10.3390/jcm13237463","title":"Nationwide Cross-Sectional Analysis of Mortality Trends in Patients with Sarcoidosis and Non-Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease—The Impact of Gender, Ethnicity, Geographical Location, and COVID-19 Pandemic","abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: The epidemiological data regarding mortality rates of adults with sarcoidosis and non-ischemic cardiovascular disease (CVD) are limited. A retrospective observational analysis was conducted to identify trends and disparities related to sarcoidosis and non-ischemic cardiovascular disease mortality among the adult US population from 1999 to 2022. Methods: We used the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) WONDER database to extract death certificate data for the adult US population (≥25 years). The age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 persons were calculated, and annual percent changes (APCs) were determined using Joinpoint. Results: Between 1999 and 2022, 23,642 deaths were identified related to non-ischemic CVD + sarcoidosis. The overall AAMR increased from 0.2 (95% CI, 0.2 to 0.3) in 1999 to 0.5 (95% CI, 0.5 to 0.6) in 2022. Females had a higher AAMR than males (0.6 vs. 0.5). Non-Hispanic (NH) blacks had the highest AAMR, followed by NH whites and Hispanic or Latinos. The southern region had the highest AAMR (0.7: 95% CI, 0.6–0.7), followed by the Midwest (0.6, 95% CI, 0.54–0.669), the Northeast (0.5, 95% CI, 0.5 to 0.6), and the West (0.4; 95% CI, 0.3–0.4). Urban and rural areas had comparable mortality rates (0.5 vs. 0.6). People aged 65+ had the highest AAMRs. Conclusions: The overall mortality rates for non-ischemic CVD and sarcoidosis have increased in the US from 1999 to 2022. Females and NH blacks had higher AAMRs, while a minimal variation was observed based on geographical regions. Early diagnosis and prompt management are the keys to reducing the mortality burden of non-ischemic CVD plus sarcoidosis.</jats:p>","journal":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","year":2024,"id":652632,"datarank":0.37273599746820013,"base_score":2.4849066497880004,"endowment":2.4849066497880004,"self_citation_contribution":0.37273599746820013,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.37273599746820013,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":11,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1378545,"name":"Mushood Ahmed","orcid":"0000-0001-9872-8224","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1612823,"name":"Yehya Khlidj","orcid":"0000-0002-3448-9946","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1702522,"name":"Obaid Ur Rehman","orcid":"0009-0000-8302-2173","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1702523,"name":"Laith Al-Mukhtar","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1702524,"name":"Noha Abou Khater","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1702525,"name":"Syed Khurram Mustaq Gardezi","orcid":"0000-0001-7206-7915","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":772654,"name":"Muhammad Rashid","orcid":"0000-0002-6414-6960","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":868165,"name":"Peter Collins","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1702526,"name":"Hritvik Jain","orcid":"0000-0001-5608-4299","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1315761,"name":"Kamleshun Ramphul","orcid":"0000-0001-9050-3581","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1702527,"name":"Mudassar Baig","orcid":null,"position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1702528,"name":"Anwar Chahal","orcid":null,"position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":938950,"name":"Vasileios Kouranos","orcid":"0000-0002-2723-0928","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1702529,"name":"Nitish Behary Paray","orcid":null,"position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":955855,"name":"Rakesh Sharma","orcid":"0000-0002-5306-3457","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":495758,"name":"Raheel Ahmed","orcid":"0000-0003-2814-7314","position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Nationwide Cross-Sectional Analysis of Mortality Trends in Patients with Sarcoidosis and Non-Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease—The Impact of Gender, Ethnicity, Geographical Location, and COVID-19 Pandemic","abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Objectives: The epidemiological data regarding mortality rates of adults with sarcoidosis and non-ischemic cardiovascular disease (CVD) are limited. A retrospective observational analysis was conducted to identify trends and disparities related to sarcoidosis and non-ischemic cardiovascular disease mortality among the adult US population from 1999 to 2022. Methods: We used the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) WONDER database to extract death certificate data for the adult US population (≥25 years). The age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 persons were calculated, and annual percent changes (APCs) were determined using Joinpoint. Results: Between 1999 and 2022, 23,642 deaths were identified related to non-ischemic CVD + sarcoidosis. The overall AAMR increased from 0.2 (95% CI, 0.2 to 0.3) in 1999 to 0.5 (95% CI, 0.5 to 0.6) in 2022. Females had a higher AAMR than males (0.6 vs. 0.5). Non-Hispanic (NH) blacks had the highest AAMR, followed by NH whites and Hispanic or Latinos. The southern region had the highest AAMR (0.7: 95% CI, 0.6–0.7), followed by the Midwest (0.6, 95% CI, 0.54–0.669), the Northeast (0.5, 95% CI, 0.5 to 0.6), and the West (0.4; 95% CI, 0.3–0.4). Urban and rural areas had comparable mortality rates (0.5 vs. 0.6). People aged 65+ had the highest AAMRs. Conclusions: The overall mortality rates for non-ischemic CVD and sarcoidosis have increased in the US from 1999 to 2022. Females and NH blacks had higher AAMRs, while a minimal variation was observed based on geographical regions. Early diagnosis and prompt management are the keys to reducing the mortality burden of non-ischemic CVD plus sarcoidosis.</jats:p>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":2.4849066497880004,"endowment":2.4849066497880004,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"39685921","pmcid":"PMC11642065","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W4405184121","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":2.6934,"citation_percentile":0.91325067,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2025,"count":8},{"year":2026,"count":3}],"oa_status":"gold","license":"cc-by","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/23/7463/pdf?version=1733638134","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/23/7463/pdf?version=1733638134","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/23/7463/pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13237463","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39685921","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11642065","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11287/623418","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11642065/pdf/jcm-13-07463.pdf","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC11642065","host_type":"Europe_PMC"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC11642065?pdf=render","host_type":"Europe_PMC"}],"fields_of_study":["Sarcoidosis and Beryllium Toxicity Research","Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis","Osteomyelitis and Bone Disorders Research"],"mesh_terms":[],"keywords":["Medicine","Pandemic","Ethnic group","Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","Disease","Cross-sectional study","Demography","Internal medicine","Pathology","Infectious disease (medical specialty)","Gender","Geographic location","Cardiovascular disease","Sarcoidosis","Ethnicity","Covid-19"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Good health and well-being"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-10T16:19:09.312884Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}