{"doi":"10.3390/ijms26041621","title":"Advances in Host–Pathogen Interactions in Tuberculosis: Emerging Strategies for Therapeutic Intervention","abstract":"(Mtb) employing sophisticated mechanisms to evade host immunity and establish persistent infections. This review explores recent advances in understanding Mtb's immune evasion strategies; granuloma dynamics; and emerging immunotherapeutic approaches. Key findings highlight the manipulation of host autophagy; metabolic reprogramming; and cytokine pathways by Mtb to sustain its survival within host cells. Insights into granuloma formation reveal the critical role of bacterial lipids; immune modulation; and hypoxia-driven dormancy in maintaining chronic infection. Innovative therapeutic strategies, including host-directed therapies; epigenetic interventions; and immunomodulators, hold promise for improving TB management and combating drug-resistant strains. Despite these advancements, significant challenges remain, including the development of effective vaccines; addressing latent TB; and ensuring equitable access to novel treatments. The integration of advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence and multi-omics approaches, alongside global collaboration, is essential to overcome these hurdles. This review underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to tackling TB, with the ultimate goal of eradicating this global health threat.","journal":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences","year":2025,"id":510750,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":18,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9614,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":239632,"name":"Vishwanath Venketaraman","orcid":"0000-0002-2586-1160","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1367872,"name":"Mohammad Javad Nasiri","orcid":"0000-0002-3279-0671","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":106,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:47:50.575618Z","pmid":"40004082","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}