{"doi":"10.3390/ijms252212211","title":"Dual Photonics Probing of Nano- to Submicron-Scale Structural Alterations in Human Brain Tissues/Cells and Chromatin/DNA with the Progression of Alzheimer’s Disease","abstract":"Understanding alterations in structural disorders in tissue/cells/building blocks, such as DNA/chromatin in the human brain, at the nano to submicron level provides us with efficient biomarkers for Alzheimer's detection. Here, we report a dual photonics technique to detect nano- to submicron-scale alterations in brain tissues/cells and DNA/chromatin due to the early to late progression of Alzheimer's disease in humans. Using a recently developed mesoscopic light transport technique, fine-focused nano-sensitive partial wave spectroscopy (PWS), we measure the degree of structural disorder in tissues. Furthermore, the chemical-specific inverse participation ratio technique (IPR) was used to measure the DNA/chromatin structural alterations. The results of the PWS and IPR experiments showed a significant increase in the degree of structural disorder at the nano to submicron scale at different stages of AD relative to their controls for both the tissue/cell and DNA cellular levels. The increase in the structural disorder in cells/tissues and DNA/chromatin in the nuclei can be attributed to higher mass density fluctuations in the tissue and DNA/chromatin damage in the nuclei caused by the rearrangements of macromolecules due to the deposition of the amyloid beta protein and damage in DNA/chromatin with the progress of AD.","journal":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences","year":2024,"id":477952,"datarank":0.16479184330021646,"base_score":1.0986122886681096,"endowment":1.0986122886681096,"self_citation_contribution":0.16479184330021646,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.16479184330021646,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":2,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9514,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1125119,"name":"Ishmael Apachigawo","orcid":"0009-0006-9791-8898","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1125120,"name":"Dhruvil Solanki","orcid":"0009-0006-8507-8668","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1224391,"name":"Sazzad Khan","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1125121,"name":"Himanshi Singh","orcid":"0009-0000-6213-5742","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":336024,"name":"Mohammad Moshahid Khan","orcid":"0000-0003-4679-294X","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":529931,"name":"Prabhakar Pradhan","orcid":"0000-0003-4363-2326","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":796138,"name":"Fatemah Alharthi","orcid":"0009-0004-0330-4744","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":81,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:06:42.155024Z","pmid":"39596277","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}