{"doi":"10.3390/ijms241512516","title":"Analysis of the Promoter Regions of gga-miR-31 and Its Regulation by RA and C-jun in Chicken","abstract":"The role of gga-miR-31 in chicken germ cell differentiation and spermatogenesis is of significant importance. The transcriptional properties of gga-miR-31 are crucial in establishing the foundation for the formation of chicken spermatogonia stem cells and spermatogenesis. In this study, a series of recombinant vectors including varying lengths of the gga-miR-31 promoter were predicted and constructed. Through the utilization of the dual luciferase reporting system, the upstream -2180~0 bp region of gga-miR-31 was identified as its promoter region. Furthermore, it was predicted and confirmed that the activity of the gga-miR-31 promoter is increased by retinoic acid (RA). The binding of RA to the gga-miR-31 and Stra8 promoter regions was found to be competitive. Through the deletion of C-jun binding sites and the manipulation of C-jun expression levels, it was determined that C-jun inhibits the activity of the gga-miR-31 promoter. Furthermore, the combined treatment of C-jun and RA demonstrated that the positive regulatory effect of RA on the gga-miR-31 promoter is attenuated in the presence of high levels of C-jun. Overall, this study establishes a foundation for further investigation into the regulatory mechanisms of gga-miR-31 action, and provides a new avenue for inducing chicken embryonic stem cells (ESC) to differentiate into spermatogonial stem cells (SSC), and sperm formation.","journal":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences","year":2023,"id":375287,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":4,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9418,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1137902,"name":"Ruihong Kong","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":874841,"name":"Ke Xie","orcid":"0009-0009-7071-1629","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1137498,"name":"Cai Hu","orcid":"0000-0002-8749-540X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1137499,"name":"Zongyi Zhao","orcid":"0009-0001-6369-3233","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":925734,"name":"Yuhui Wu","orcid":"0000-0002-2147-3857","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":590089,"name":"Qisheng Zuo","orcid":"0000-0003-0278-0023","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1137500,"name":"Bichun Li","orcid":"0000-0001-5692-4577","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1137501,"name":"Yani Zhang","orcid":"0000-0002-0222-8389","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":697774,"name":"Yingjie Wang","orcid":"0000-0003-3938-8965","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":23,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:16:19.336238Z","pmid":"37569891","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}