{"doi":"10.3390/ijms22020757","title":"The Landscape of AhR Regulators and Coregulators to Fine-Tune AhR Functions","abstract":"<jats:p>The aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that mediates numerous cellular responses. Originally investigated in toxicology because of its ability to bind environmental contaminants, AhR has attracted enormous attention in the field of immunology in the last 20 years. In addition, the discovery of endogenous and plant-derived ligands points to AhR also having a crucial role in normal cell physiology. Thus, AhR is emerging as a promiscuous receptor that can mediate either toxic or physiologic effects upon sensing multiple exogenous and endogenous molecules. Within this scenario, several factors appear to contribute to the outcome of gene transcriptional regulation by AhR, including the nature of the ligand as such and its further metabolism by AhR-induced enzymes, the local tissue microenvironment, and the presence of coregulators or specific transcription factors in the cell. Here, we review the current knowledge on the array of transcription factors and coregulators that, by interacting with AhR, tune its transcriptional activity in response to endogenous and exogenous ligands.</jats:p>","journal":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences","year":2021,"id":606430,"datarank":0.6141516843333151,"base_score":4.0943445622221,"endowment":4.0943445622221,"self_citation_contribution":0.6141516843333151,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.6141516843333151,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":59,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":848208,"name":"Giulia Scalisi","orcid":"0000-0002-8128-0336","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":653317,"name":"Giorgia Manni","orcid":"0000-0002-5697-2648","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":653314,"name":"Giada Mondanelli","orcid":"0000-0002-0798-0465","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":275834,"name":"Ursula Grohmann","orcid":"0000-0001-7952-1850","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":333495,"name":"Francesca Fallarino","orcid":"0000-0002-8501-2136","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":653316,"name":"Marco Gargaro","orcid":"0000-0003-0645-9800","position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"The Landscape of AhR Regulators and Coregulators to Fine-Tune AhR Functions","abstract":"<jats:p>The aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that mediates numerous cellular responses. Originally investigated in toxicology because of its ability to bind environmental contaminants, AhR has attracted enormous attention in the field of immunology in the last 20 years. In addition, the discovery of endogenous and plant-derived ligands points to AhR also having a crucial role in normal cell physiology. Thus, AhR is emerging as a promiscuous receptor that can mediate either toxic or physiologic effects upon sensing multiple exogenous and endogenous molecules. Within this scenario, several factors appear to contribute to the outcome of gene transcriptional regulation by AhR, including the nature of the ligand as such and its further metabolism by AhR-induced enzymes, the local tissue microenvironment, and the presence of coregulators or specific transcription factors in the cell. Here, we review the current knowledge on the array of transcription factors and coregulators that, by interacting with AhR, tune its transcriptional activity in response to endogenous and exogenous ligands.</jats:p>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":4.0943445622221,"endowment":4.0943445622221,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"33451129","pmcid":"PMC7828596","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W3119300936","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro","grant_id":"AIRC 2019-23084","title":null},{"funder_name":"Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro","grant_id":"AIRC 19903","title":null},{"funder_name":"Fondazione Telethon","grant_id":"GGP17094","title":null},{"funder_name":"Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca","grant_id":"PRIN 2017BZEREZ","title":null},{"funder_name":"Ministero dell'Istruzione dell'Università e della Ricerca","grant_id":"unidentified","title":"unidentified"}],"total_grants":5,"fwci":4.0224,"citation_percentile":0.95037915,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2020,"count":1},{"year":2021,"count":4},{"year":2022,"count":11},{"year":2023,"count":13},{"year":2024,"count":14},{"year":2025,"count":12},{"year":2026,"count":4}],"oa_status":"gold","license":"cc-by","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/2/757/pdf","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/2/757/pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22020757","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33451129","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://doaj.org/article/5f827d8c8a624547a87703e0f30bf92f","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC7828596","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22020757","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7828596","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC7828596","host_type":"Europe_PMC"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC7828596?pdf=render","host_type":"Europe_PMC"},{"url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22020757","host_type":""}],"fields_of_study":["Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact","Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals","Immunotherapy and Immune Responses","0301 basic medicine","0303 health sciences","03 medical and health sciences","Animals","Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins","Carrier Proteins","Drug Discovery","Gene Expression Regulation","Humans","Immunomodulation","Ligands","Protein Binding","Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon","Transcription Factors"],"mesh_terms":["Animals","Carrier Proteins","Gene Expression Regulation","Humans","Ligands","Protein Binding","Transcription Factors","Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon","Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins","Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors","Drug Discovery","Immunomodulation"],"keywords":["Aryl hydrocarbon receptor","Transcription factor","Endogeny","Biology","Transcription coregulator","Cell biology","Transcriptional regulation","Regulation of gene expression","Gene","Genetics","Biochemistry","Transcription factors","Immune regulation","Coregulators","Nuclear Coactivator","Arylhydrocarbon Receptor (Ahr)","Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins","Review","Ligands","Immunomodulation","Gene Expression Regulation","Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon","Drug Discovery","Animals","Humans","Carrier Proteins","Protein Binding"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":2,"sdg_label":"2. 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