{"doi":"10.3390/ijms20061484","title":"Trypanosoma brucei Interaction with Host: Mechanism of VSG Release as Target for Drug Discovery for African Trypanosomiasis","abstract":"<jats:p>The protozoan Trypanosoma brucei, responsible for animal and human trypanosomiasis, has a family of major surface proteases (MSPs) and phospholipase-C (PLC), both involved in some mechanisms of virulence during mammalian infections. During parasitism in the mammalian host, this protozoan is exclusively extracellular and presents a robust mechanism of antigenic variation that allows the persistence of infection. There has been incredible progress in our understanding of how variable surface glycoproteins (VSGs) are organised and expressed, and how expression is switched, particularly through recombination. The objective of this manuscript is to create a reflection about the mechanisms of antigenic variation in T. brucei, more specifically, in the process of variable surface glycoprotein (VSG) release. We firstly explore the mechanism of VSG release as a potential pathway and target for the development of anti-T. brucei drugs.</jats:p>","journal":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences","year":2019,"id":612214,"datarank":0.680160646819198,"base_score":2.772588722239781,"endowment":2.772588722239781,"self_citation_contribution":0.41588830833596724,"citation_network_contribution":0.26427233848323073,"self_endowment_contribution":0.41588830833596724,"citer_contribution":0.26427233848323073,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":15,"citer_count":14,"citers_with_citation_signal":12,"citers_with_endowment":12,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1576203,"name":"Adriana Temporão","orcid":"0000-0002-1208-9984","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1576204,"name":"Taffarel Torres","orcid":"0000-0001-8626-520X","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1576205,"name":"Marcelo Sousa Silva","orcid":"0000-0002-1000-0149","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1576202,"name":"Cláudia Jassica Gonçalves Moreno","orcid":"0000-0002-6948-9823","position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Trypanosoma brucei Interaction with Host: Mechanism of VSG Release as Target for Drug Discovery for African Trypanosomiasis","abstract":"<jats:p>The protozoan Trypanosoma brucei, responsible for animal and human trypanosomiasis, has a family of major surface proteases (MSPs) and phospholipase-C (PLC), both involved in some mechanisms of virulence during mammalian infections. During parasitism in the mammalian host, this protozoan is exclusively extracellular and presents a robust mechanism of antigenic variation that allows the persistence of infection. There has been incredible progress in our understanding of how variable surface glycoproteins (VSGs) are organised and expressed, and how expression is switched, particularly through recombination. The objective of this manuscript is to create a reflection about the mechanisms of antigenic variation in T. brucei, more specifically, in the process of variable surface glycoprotein (VSG) release. We firstly explore the mechanism of VSG release as a potential pathway and target for the development of anti-T. brucei drugs.</jats:p>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":2.772588722239781,"endowment":2.772588722239781,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"30934540","pmcid":"PMC6471236","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2923426728","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia - FCT","grant_id":"GHTM-UID/multi/04413/2013","title":null}],"total_grants":1,"fwci":1.1735,"citation_percentile":0.77572509,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2019,"count":1},{"year":2021,"count":2},{"year":2022,"count":5},{"year":2023,"count":2},{"year":2024,"count":2},{"year":2025,"count":2},{"year":2026,"count":1}],"oa_status":"gold","license":"cc-by","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/20/6/1484/pdf?version=1553486151","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/20/6/1484/pdf?version=1553486151","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/20/6/1484/pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20061484","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30934540","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10362/116745","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://doaj.org/article/75cb2d5c80ba43a085436acef4985183","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6471236","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20061484","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6471236","host_type":"Europe_PMC"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6471236?pdf=render","host_type":"Europe_PMC"}],"fields_of_study":["Trypanosoma species research and implications","Research on Leishmaniasis Studies","Synthesis and Biological Evaluation","Animals","Drug Discovery","Host-Parasite Interactions","Humans","Membrane Glycoproteins","Proteolysis","Trypanosoma brucei brucei","Trypanosomiasis, African"],"mesh_terms":["Animals","Host-Parasite Interactions","Humans","Membrane Glycoproteins","Trypanosoma brucei brucei","Trypanosomiasis, African","Drug Discovery","Proteolysis"],"keywords":["Trypanosoma brucei","Antigenic variation","Biology","African trypanosomiasis","Proteases","Virulence","Trypanosoma","Mechanism (biology)","Trypanosomiasis","Drug discovery","Glycoprotein","Antigen","Cell biology","Virology","Genetics","Gene","Biochemistry","Enzyme","Variable Surface Glycoprotein","Phospholipase-c","Major Surface Protease"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Good health and well-being"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-02T02:11:49.393627Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}