{"doi":"10.3390/ijerph182211824","title":"Association between Neighborhood Social Deprivation and Stage at Diagnosis among Breast Cancer Patients in South Carolina","abstract":"The purpose of this study was to examine the association between neighborhood social deprivation and individual-level characteristics on breast cancer staging in African American and white breast cancer patients. We established a retrospective cohort of patients with breast cancer diagnosed from 1996 to 2015 using the South Carolina Central Cancer Registry. We abstracted sociodemographic and clinical variables from the registry and linked these data to a county-level composite that captured neighborhood social conditions—the social deprivation index (SDI). Data were analyzed using chi-square tests, Student’s t-test, and multivariable ordinal regression analysis to evaluate associations. The study sample included 52,803 female patients with breast cancer. Results from the multivariable ordinal regression model demonstrate that higher SDI (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02–1.10), African American race (OR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.29–1.41), and being unmarried (OR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.13–1.22) were associated with a distant stage at diagnosis. Higher tumor grade, younger age, and more recent year of diagnosis were also associated with distant-stage diagnosis. As a proxy for neighborhood context, the SDI can be used by cancer registries and related population-based studies to identify geographic areas that could be prioritized for cancer prevention and control efforts.","journal":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","year":2021,"id":170434,"datarank":1.2984971393220497,"base_score":3.367295829986474,"endowment":3.367295829986474,"self_citation_contribution":0.5050943744979712,"citation_network_contribution":0.7934027648240783,"self_endowment_contribution":0.5050943744979712,"citer_contribution":0.7934027648240783,"corpus_percentile":84.08756865475361,"corpus_rank":2058,"citation_count":28,"citer_count":24,"citers_with_citation_signal":19,"citers_with_endowment":19,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":true,"is_dataset_confidence":0.5875,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":20.8333,"fair_percentile":36.38031183124427,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":381807,"name":"Whitney E. Zahnd","orcid":"0000-0001-5174-8666","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":437758,"name":"Jan M. Eberth","orcid":"0000-0001-9500-4212","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":416905,"name":"Andrew Lawson","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":321472,"name":"Swann Arp Adams","orcid":"0000-0001-5779-6802","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":703208,"name":"Eric Adjei Boakye","orcid":"0000-0001-9163-8103","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":409921,"name":"Melanie Jefferson","orcid":"0000-0001-7865-4168","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":411086,"name":"Caitlin G. Allen","orcid":"0000-0002-6288-3529","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":404563,"name":"John L. Pearce","orcid":"0000-0002-7343-4112","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":391286,"name":"Hong Li","orcid":"0000-0002-6065-5100","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":7949,"name":"Chanita Hughes Halbert","orcid":"0000-0002-0103-6916","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":703207,"name":"Oluwole Adeyemi Babatunde","orcid":"0000-0002-7219-5674","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":25,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:46:24.040760Z","pmid":"34831579","pmcid":"PMC8625868","fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":33.3333,"fair_a":50.0,"fair_i":20.0,"fair_r":33.3333,"fair_zscore":-0.5389,"fair_rationale":{"fair_score":20.83,"has_llm":true,"taxonomy_version":"fair_taxonomy_v5","dimensions":{"F":{"name":"Findable","score":33.33,"criteria":[{"key":"f_dataset_pid","label":"Persistent identifier for the data","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"The paper does not provide any persistent identifier (DOI, Handle, ARK, URN, or repository accession) for the study's own dataset.","anchors":["RDA-F1-01D — FAIR Data Maturity Model: 'Data is identified by a persistent identifier' (priorit","RDA-F1-02D — FAIR Data Maturity Model: 'Data is identified by a globally unique identifier'","FsF-F1-02D — F-UJI/FAIRsFAIR: 'Data is assigned a persistent identifier'"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"f_repository_named","label":"Named repository","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.5,"verdict":"partial","evidence":"Data was obtained from South Carolina Department of Health and are available from the authors with the permission of South Carolina Department of Health.","grounded":true,"rationale":"The named holder is the South Carolina Department of Health, which is not a standard repository. 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[downgraded to 'partial' — no verifiable quote from the paper] [majority verdict 'partial' (3/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["RDA-R1.3-01M — 'Metadata complies with a community standard' (priority Essential)","RDA-R1.3-01D — 'Data complies with a community standard'","RDA-I2-01M — '(Meta)data use vocabularies that follow FAIR principles'"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"i_qualified_references","label":"Identifiers for the resources the data depend on","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"No persistent identifier (accession, DOI, RRID) is given for any external resource used in the study.","anchors":["RDA-I3-01M — '(meta)data include references to other (meta)data'","RDA-I3-03M — 'metadata includes qualified references to other metadata'","FsF-I3-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata includes links between the data and its related entities'"],"scored":false,"signal":null}]},"R":{"name":"Reusable","score":33.33,"criteria":[{"key":"r_reuse_license","label":"Reuse licence","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"No reuse license is named for the data.","anchors":["RDA-R1.1-01M — 'Metadata includes information about the licence under which the data can be reu","RDA-R1.1-02M — 'Metadata refers to a standard reuse licence'","RDA-R1.1-03M — 'Metadata refers to a machine-understandable reuse licence'"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"r_provenance_methods","label":"Provenance of the data","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"Statistical analyses were performed utilizing SAS version 9.4.","grounded":true,"rationale":"The paper names the specific software version (SAS 9.4) used for data analysis. 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Babatunde was supported by a National Cancer Institute’s K00 Fellowship grant (F99 CA 222722 and K00 CA 222722). Swann A. Adams was supported by a National Cancer Institute’s R15 grant (R15CA179355) as principal investigator. Chanita Hughes-Halbert was supported by a National Cancer Institute’s R21 grant (R21 CA 235852).","grounded":true,"rationale":"The paper lists specific grant numbers from the National Cancer Institute.","anchors":["DataCite Metadata Schema 4.6 — 'FundingReference' property (funderName, funderIdentifier, award","Crossref Funder Registry — canonical funder identifiers for funding metadata","RDA-F2-01M — rich metadata provided to allow discovery (funding is part of the descriptive reco"],"scored":true,"signal":null}]}},"actions":[{"key":"f_dataset_pid","dimension":"F","label":"Persistent identifier for the data","action":"Mint or cite a persistent identifier for the dataset — a repository DOI or an accession from a registered repository — and print it in the paper. 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Cite the clinical / human-subjects repository accession (e.g. from dbGaP or the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA)) in the reference list."],"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash","agent_version":"fair_agent_v8","fulltext_source":"epmc_xml"},"fair_model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash","fair_agent_version":"fair_agent_v8","fair_fulltext_source":"epmc_xml","fair_has_llm":true,"fair_computed_at":"2026-07-20T11:38:51.007298Z","clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}