{"doi":"10.3390/ijerph17176403","title":"Biomarkers of Exposure among USA Adult Hookah Users: Results from Wave 1 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study (2013–2014)","abstract":"Hookah smoking has become common in the USA, especially among young adults. This study measured biomarkers of exposure to known tobacco product toxicants in a population-based sample of exclusive, established hookah users. Urinary biomarker data from 1753 adults in Wave 1 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study were used to compare geometric mean concentrations of biomarkers of exposure in exclusive, established past 30-day hookah users to never users of tobacco. Geometric mean ratios were calculated comparing hookah user groups with never users adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, past 30-day marijuana use, secondhand smoke exposure and creatinine. Past 30-day hookah users (n = 98) had 10.6 times the urinary cotinine level of never tobacco users. Compared to never tobacco users, past 30-day hookah users had 2.3 times the level of the carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL), a metabolite of the tobacco-specific nitrosamine (TSNA) 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), 1.3 times higher polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) 3-hydroxyfluorene and 1-hydroxypyrene, 1.8 times higher levels of acrylonitrile, 1.3 times higher levels of acrylamide, and 1.2 times higher levels of acrolein exposure. These data indicate that hookah use is a significant source of exposure to nicotine, carcinogens, and respiratory toxicants.","journal":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","year":2020,"id":74062,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":12,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.8625,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":387993,"name":"Cheryl Rivard","orcid":"0000-0002-0179-1495","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":292399,"name":"Eva Sharma","orcid":"0000-0002-1328-508X","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":387994,"name":"Sandra S. Retzky","orcid":"0000-0003-1799-477X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":389365,"name":"Berran Yücesoy","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":304696,"name":"Maciej Ł. Goniewicz","orcid":"0000-0001-6748-3068","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":292398,"name":"Cassandra A. Stanton","orcid":"0000-0001-5329-6261","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":387995,"name":"Jiping Chen","orcid":"0000-0002-5338-957X","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":387996,"name":"Priscilla Callahan-Lyon","orcid":"0000-0003-4076-9247","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":292406,"name":"Heather L. Kimmel","orcid":"0000-0001-8278-0095","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":346013,"name":"Baoyun Xia","orcid":"0000-0001-5081-7447","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":389366,"name":"Yuesong Wang","orcid":null,"position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":369322,"name":"Connie S. Sosnoff","orcid":"0000-0001-9162-633X","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":378870,"name":"Víctor R. De Jesús","orcid":"0000-0003-4964-538X","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":320569,"name":"Benjamin C. Blount","orcid":"0000-0003-4788-8169","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":25149,"name":"Stephen S. Hecht","orcid":"0000-0001-7228-1356","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":292407,"name":"Andrew Hyland","orcid":"0009-0009-6318-9932","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":312691,"name":"Mark J. Travers","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":41,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T21:45:52.171053Z","pmid":"32887496","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}