{"doi":"10.3390/ijerph17155408","title":"Urinary Biomarkers of Exposure to Volatile Organic Compounds from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study Wave 1 (2013–2014)","abstract":"Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are ubiquitous in the environment. In the United States (U.S.), tobacco smoke is the major non-occupational source of exposure to many harmful VOCs. Exposure to VOCs can be assessed by measuring their urinary metabolites (VOCMs). The Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study is a U.S. national longitudinal study of tobacco use in the adult and youth civilian non-institutionalized population. We measured 20 VOCMs in urine specimens from a subsample of adults in Wave 1 (W1) (2013-2014) to characterize VOC exposures among tobacco product users and non-users. We calculated weighted geometric means (GMs) and percentiles of each VOCM for exclusive combustible product users (smokers), exclusive electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) users, exclusive smokeless product users, and tobacco product never users. We produced linear regression models for six VOCMs with sex, age, race, and tobacco user group as predictor variables. Creatinine-ratioed levels of VOCMs from exposure to acrolein, crotonaldehyde, isoprene, acrylonitrile, and 1,3-butadiene were significantly higher in smokers than in never users. Small differences of VOCM levels among exclusive e-cigarette users and smokeless users were observed when compared to never users. Smokers showed higher VOCM concentrations than e-cigarette, smokeless, and never users. Urinary VOC metabolites are useful biomarkers of exposure to harmful VOCs.","journal":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","year":2020,"id":91826,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":44,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.8736,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":378863,"name":"Deepak Bhandari","orcid":"0000-0001-6059-2739","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":415420,"name":"Luyu Zhang","orcid":"0009-0000-2361-5014","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":459522,"name":"Christopher Reese","orcid":"0000-0002-7613-6831","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":459523,"name":"Kimberly M. Capella","orcid":"0000-0001-6655-0687","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":378862,"name":"Denise S. Tevis","orcid":"0000-0002-5340-5074","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":452888,"name":"Wanzhe Zhu","orcid":"0000-0003-0474-5213","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":459524,"name":"Arseima Y. Del Valle-Pinero","orcid":"0009-0006-7855-8065","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":460430,"name":"Guy Lagaud","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":339735,"name":"Joanne T. Chang","orcid":"0000-0002-3974-8089","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":321973,"name":"Dana van Bemmel","orcid":null,"position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":292406,"name":"Heather L. Kimmel","orcid":"0000-0001-8278-0095","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":292399,"name":"Eva Sharma","orcid":"0000-0002-1328-508X","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":304696,"name":"Maciej Ł. Goniewicz","orcid":"0000-0001-6748-3068","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":292407,"name":"Andrew Hyland","orcid":"0009-0009-6318-9932","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":320569,"name":"Benjamin C. Blount","orcid":"0000-0003-4788-8169","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":378870,"name":"Víctor R. De Jesús","orcid":"0000-0003-4964-538X","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":31,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T22:29:21.932251Z","pmid":"32731321","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}