{"doi":"10.3390/covid4100112","title":"COVID-19 Stress Is Associated with Increased Smoking among People with HIV in Western Washington: A Cross-Sectional Survey","abstract":"Background: People living with HIV (PWH) frequently have co-morbid substance use disorders that may have been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examined associations between COVID-related stress and increased substance use among PWH in Washington State. Methods: Between August 2020 and March 2021, we conducted an online survey of 397 PWH in Western Washington. Logistic regression was used to analyze associations between a COVID-19 stress score and four self-reported outcomes: increased alcohol use, increased cigarette smoking, increased marijuana use, and increased use of illicit substances. Results: Thirty-five (38.0%) of 92 participants who smoked, 61 (23.4%) of 261 participants who used alcohol, 15 (14.6%) of 103 participants who used marijuana and 35 (33.0%) of 102 participants who used illicit substances reported increased use of these substances. Higher COVID-19 stress scores were associated with higher odds of increased cigarette smoking (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04-1.27), even after adjustment for anxiety and depressive symptoms (aOR 1.14, 95%CI: 1.03-1.27). COVID-19 stress was not associated with increased use of alcohol, marijuana, or illicit substances. Conclusions: COVID-19-related stress was associated with self-reported increased cigarette smoking among PWH in Western Washington during the pandemic.","journal":"COVID","year":2024,"id":452349,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":2,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.935,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1274587,"name":"Francis Slaughter","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1090554,"name":"Sarah Smith","orcid":"0000-0002-1561-9485","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":289071,"name":"David A. Katz","orcid":"0000-0002-7786-0194","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":729857,"name":"Sandeep Prabhu","orcid":"0000-0001-8648-7224","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":953153,"name":"Liying Wang","orcid":"0000-0002-3123-2328","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":371694,"name":"Jane M. Simoni","orcid":"0000-0002-8711-1576","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":403893,"name":"Judith I. Tsui","orcid":"0000-0003-0877-5399","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":321058,"name":"Susan M. Graham","orcid":"0000-0001-7847-8686","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1274586,"name":"Anh Tuyet Nguyen","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":29,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:02:50.407779Z","pmid":"39877471","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}