{"doi":"10.3390/cells13020157","title":"Alterations in Th17 Cells and Non-Classical Monocytes as a Signature of Subclinical Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis during ART-Treated HIV-1 Infection","abstract":"Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains an important comorbidity in people living with HIV-1 (PLWH) receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). Our previous studies performed in the Canadian HIV/Aging Cohort Study (CHACS) (>40 years-old; Framingham Risk Score (FRS) > 5%) revealed a 2–3-fold increase in non-calcified coronary artery atherosclerosis (CAA) plaque burden, measured by computed tomography angiography scan (CTAScan) as the total (TPV) and low attenuated plaque volume (LAPV), in ART-treated PLWH (HIV+) versus uninfected controls (HIV−). In an effort to identify novel correlates of subclinical CAA, markers of intestinal damage (sCD14, LBP, FABP2); cell trafficking/inflammation (CCL20, CX3CL1, MIF, CCL25); subsets of Th17-polarized and regulatory (Tregs) CD4+ T-cells, classical/intermediate/non-classical monocytes, and myeloid/plasmacytoid dendritic cells were studied in relationship with HIV and TPV/LAPV status. The TPV detection/values coincided with higher plasma sCD14, FABP2, CCL20, MIF, CX3CL1, and triglyceride levels; lower Th17/Treg ratios; and classical monocyte expansion. Among HIV+, TPV+ versus TPV− exhibited lower Th17 frequencies, reduced Th17/Treg ratios, higher frequencies of non-classical CCR9lowHLADRhigh monocytes, and increased plasma fibrinogen levels. Finally, Th17/Treg ratios and non-classical CCR9lowHLADRhigh monocyte frequencies remained associated with TPV/LAPV after adjusting for FRS and HIV/ART duration in a logistic regression model. These findings point to Th17 paucity and non-classical monocyte abundance as novel immunological correlates of subclinical CAA that may fuel the CVD risk in ART-treated PLWH.","journal":"Cells","year":2024,"id":434628,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":12,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9614,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1177097,"name":"Yuwei Zhang","orcid":"0000-0003-2909-3397","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":18098,"name":"Annie Gosselin","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1179350,"name":"Natalia Fonseca do Rosário","orcid":"0000-0001-5109-085X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":659745,"name":"Mohamed El‐Far","orcid":"0000-0002-6458-4207","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":660825,"name":"Ali Filali‐Mouhim","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":233493,"name":"Jean‐Pierre Routy","orcid":"0000-0001-9897-7589","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":659747,"name":"Carl Chartrand‐Lefebvre","orcid":"0000-0002-2299-7855","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":328573,"name":"Alan Landay","orcid":"0000-0001-9645-1356","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":619015,"name":"Madéleine Durand","orcid":"0000-0002-9459-9549","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":17392,"name":"Cécile Tremblay","orcid":"0000-0002-3440-3436","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":18101,"name":"Petronela Ancuța","orcid":"0000-0003-1922-5640","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":343164,"name":"Tomas Raul Wiche Salinas","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":104,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:59:58.582186Z","pmid":"38247848","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}