{"doi":"10.3390/cells12030466","title":"Immune Cells Release MicroRNA-155 Enriched Extracellular Vesicles That Promote HIV-1 Infection","abstract":"The hallmark of HIV-1 infection is the rapid dysregulation of immune functions. Recent investigations for biomarkers of such dysregulation in people living with HIV (PLWH) reveal a strong correlation between viral rebound and immune activation with an increased abundance of extracellular vesicles (EVs) enriched with microRNA-155. We propose that the activation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) leads to an increased miR-155 expression and production of miR-155-rich extracellular vesicles (miR-155-rich EVs), which can exacerbate HIV-1 infection by promoting viral replication. PBMCs were incubated with either HIV-1 (NL4.3Balenv), a TLR-7/8 agonist, or TNF. EVs were harvested from the cell culture supernatant by differential centrifugation, and RT-qPCR quantified miR-155 in cells and derived EVs. The effect of miR-155-rich EVs on replication of HIV-1 in incubated PBMCs was then measured by viral RNA and DNA quantification. HIV-1, TLR7/8 agonist, and TNF each induced the release of miR-155-rich EVs by PBMCs. These miR-155-rich EVs increased viral replication in PBMCs infected in vitro. Infection with HIV-1 and inflammation promote the production of miR-155-rich EVs, enhancing viral replication. Such autocrine loops, therefore, could influence the course of HIV-1 infection by promoting viral replication.","journal":"Cells","year":2023,"id":337991,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":17,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9426,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1070388,"name":"Alyssa Rousseau","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1070389,"name":"Catherine Boucher","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":369629,"name":"Caroline Subra","orcid":"0000-0001-5272-0972","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1069963,"name":"Wilfried Wenceslas Bazié","orcid":"0000-0002-7660-9280","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1069964,"name":"Audrey Hubert","orcid":"0000-0001-9198-4743","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1070390,"name":"Emma Bourgeault","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1069965,"name":"Abderrahim Benmoussa","orcid":"0000-0002-9504-3120","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1070391,"name":"Benjamin Goyer","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":598768,"name":"Philippe A. Tessier","orcid":"0000-0001-7177-7763","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1069966,"name":"Caroline Gilbert","orcid":"0000-0003-2722-1180","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1069962,"name":"Julien Boucher","orcid":"0009-0001-7394-8287","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":86,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:10:31.133446Z","pmid":"36766808","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}