{"doi":"10.3390/biom14010105","title":"Enhanced Chemoprevention of Prostate Cancer by Combining Arctigenin with Green Tea and Quercetin in Prostate-Specific Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog Knockout Mice","abstract":", with green tea (GT) and quercetin (Q) enhances the chemopreventive effect on prostate cancer. We performed in vitro proliferation studies on different cell lines. We observed a strong synergistic anti-proliferative effect of GT+Q+Arc in exposing androgen-sensitive human prostate cancer LNCaP cells. The pre-malignant WPE1-NA22 cell line was more sensitive to this combination. No cytotoxicity was observed in normal prostate epithelial PrEC cells. For an in vivo study, 3-week-old, prostate-specific PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) knockout mice were treated with GT+Q, Arc, GT+Q+Arc, or the control daily until 16 weeks of age. In vivo imaging using prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) probes demonstrated that the prostate tumorigenesis was significantly inhibited by 40% (GT+Q), 60% (Arc at 30 mg/kg bw), and 90% (GT+Q+Arc) compared to the control. A pathological examination showed that all control mice developed invasive prostate adenocarcinoma. In contrast, the primary lesion in the GT+Q and Arc alone groups was high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), with low-grade PIN in the GT+Q+Arc group. The combined effect of GT+Q+Arc was associated with an increased inhibition of the androgen receptor, the PI3K/Akt pathway, Ki67 expression, and angiogenesis. This study demonstrates that combining Arc with GT and Q was highly effective in prostate cancer chemoprevention. These results warrant clinical trials to confirm the efficacy of this combination in humans.","journal":"Biomolecules","year":2024,"id":452824,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":9,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9542,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":499111,"name":"Susanne M. Henning","orcid":"0000-0003-1085-7588","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":499109,"name":"Clara E. Magyar","orcid":"0000-0003-2261-0187","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":249494,"name":"Jonathan Said","orcid":"0000-0001-9474-2563","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":499110,"name":"Jin Zhong","orcid":"0000-0001-8790-1327","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":272321,"name":"Matthew B. Rettig","orcid":"0000-0002-7394-3056","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":234671,"name":"Jaydutt V. Vadgama","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":234672,"name":"Piwen Wang","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":233504,"name":"Qiongyu Hao","orcid":"0000-0002-4720-767X","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":54,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:02:54.415477Z","pmid":"38254705","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}