{"doi":"10.3390/app16031539","title":"An Ontology-Based Framework for Semantic Integration and Interoperable Assessment of Green-Synthesized Nanomaterials for Environmental Remediation","abstract":"<jats:p>Green-synthesized nanomaterials have emerged as promising candidates for environmentally sustainable remediation; however, experimental evidence describing their synthesis routes, physicochemical properties, remediation performance, and sustainability-relevant attributes remains fragmented, inconsistently reported, and difficult to integrate across studies. This work addresses this challenge by proposing an ontology-based semantic framework for the interoperable integration of green-synthesized nanomaterials, contaminants, and remediation processes, incorporating explicit provenance metadata and structured sustainability descriptors. The ontology was developed using the Linked Open Terms (LOT) methodology and implemented in OWL 2 DL, with selective alignment to established vocabularies including eNanoMapper, ChEBI, ENVO, and PROV-O. Adsorption and photocatalysis were instantiated as representative remediation mechanisms to evaluate the framework’s capacity to accommodate structurally distinct processes. Logical reasoning and SHACL-based validation were applied to assess semantic consistency, provenance traceability, and data completeness. The results demonstrate that the proposed ontology effectively integrates heterogeneous experimental data within a unified, FAIR-compliant semantic framework, supports conservative and provenance-aware inference, and enables comparative analysis across mechanistically diverse remediation systems without structural modification. This ontology-based approach provides a robust foundation for sustainability-aware knowledge integration in environmental nanotechnology and establishes the basis for future extensions involving data quality assessment and explainable AI-driven analysis.</jats:p>","journal":"Applied Sciences","year":2026,"id":535,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.0577,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2026-02-03","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":5485,"name":"Roxana B. Recio-Colmenares","orcid":"0000-0002-3649-0334","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":5486,"name":"Francisco E. Castillo-Barrera","orcid":"0000-0001-7821-5819","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":5487,"name":"Cesar A. Garcia-Garcia","orcid":"0000-0002-8781-575X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":5488,"name":"Roxana Recio-Colmenares","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":5489,"name":"César García-García","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":5484,"name":"Carolina L. Recio-Colmenares","orcid":"0000-0001-7103-2710","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":35,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-03-01T18:20:47.508186Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}