{"doi":"10.3390/app131810292","title":"Chirped-Pulse Amplification in an Echo-Enabled Harmonic-Generation Free-Electron Laser","abstract":"<jats:p>The field of ultrafast science has experienced significant growth over the last decade, largely attributed to advancements in optical and laser technologies such as chirped-pulse amplification and high-harmonic generation. The distinctive characteristics of intense ultrafast free-electron lasers (FELs) have introduced novel prospects for investigating molecular dynamics, as well as providing an opportunity to gain deeper insights into nonlinear processes in materials. Therefore, high-power ultrafast FELs can be widely used for both fundamental research and practical applications. This study presents a novel approach for producing high-power femtosecond FEL pulses, utilizing chirped-pulse amplification in echo-enabled harmonic generation. Chirped seed pulses are employed to induce frequency-chirped energy modulation in the electron beam. The generated FEL pulse, which inherits the chirped frequency, can be compressed through the gratings in the off-plane mount geometry to provide ultraintense ultrafast pulses. The numerical modeling results indicate that peak power exceeding 20 GW and a pulse duration in the order of several femtoseconds can be achieved.</jats:p>","journal":"Applied Sciences","year":2023,"id":688787,"datarank":0.24141568686511508,"base_score":1.6094379124341003,"endowment":1.6094379124341003,"self_citation_contribution":0.24141568686511508,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.24141568686511508,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":4,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1747391,"name":"Xiaofan Wang","orcid":"0000-0002-2670-5119","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1050986,"name":"Yifan Liang","orcid":"0000-0002-6547-5467","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1799434,"name":"Huaiqian Yi","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":4146,"name":"Weiqing Zhang","orcid":"0000-0001-6831-598X","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1598013,"name":"Xueming Yang","orcid":"0000-0001-6684-9187","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":228969,"name":"Li Zeng","orcid":"0000-0002-4219-788X","position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Chirped-Pulse Amplification in an Echo-Enabled Harmonic-Generation Free-Electron Laser","abstract":"<jats:p>The field of ultrafast science has experienced significant growth over the last decade, largely attributed to advancements in optical and laser technologies such as chirped-pulse amplification and high-harmonic generation. The distinctive characteristics of intense ultrafast free-electron lasers (FELs) have introduced novel prospects for investigating molecular dynamics, as well as providing an opportunity to gain deeper insights into nonlinear processes in materials. Therefore, high-power ultrafast FELs can be widely used for both fundamental research and practical applications. This study presents a novel approach for producing high-power femtosecond FEL pulses, utilizing chirped-pulse amplification in echo-enabled harmonic generation. Chirped seed pulses are employed to induce frequency-chirped energy modulation in the electron beam. The generated FEL pulse, which inherits the chirped frequency, can be compressed through the gratings in the off-plane mount geometry to provide ultraintense ultrafast pulses. The numerical modeling results indicate that peak power exceeding 20 GW and a pulse duration in the order of several femtoseconds can be achieved.</jats:p>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":1.6094379124341003,"endowment":1.6094379124341003,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"26207759","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W4386743091","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Program","grant_id":"RCBS20210609104332002","title":null},{"funder_name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Program","grant_id":"GJJSTD20190002","title":null},{"funder_name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Program","grant_id":"22288201","title":null}],"total_grants":3,"fwci":0.3224,"citation_percentile":0.4944322,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2024,"count":1},{"year":2025,"count":3}],"oa_status":"gold","license":"cc-by","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/18/10292/pdf?version=1694676706","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/18/10292/pdf?version=1694676706","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/18/10292/pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app131810292","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://doaj.org/article/ea01c2b0276140dab7f7c19c1e12b019","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Particle Accelerators and Free-Electron Lasers","Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques","Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics"],"mesh_terms":[],"keywords":["Ultrashort pulse","Chirped pulse amplification","Femtosecond","Optics","Femtosecond pulse shaping","Laser","High harmonic generation","Physics","Pulse (music)","Chirp","Multiphoton intrapulse interference phase scan","Harmonic","Optoelectronics","Acoustics"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-19T19:12:44.994596Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}