{"doi":"10.3389/frsle.2022.935228","title":"A Nationally Representative Survey Assessing Restorative Sleep in US Adults","abstract":"Restorative sleep is a commonly used term but a poorly defined construct. Few studies have assessed restorative sleep in nationally representative samples. We convened a panel of 7 expert physicians and researchers to evaluate and enhance available measures of restorative sleep. We then developed the revised Restorative Sleep Questionnaire (REST-Q), which comprises 9 items assessing feelings resulting from the prior sleep episode, each with 5-point Likert response scales. Finally, we assessed the prevalence of high, somewhat, and low REST-Q scores in a nationally representative sample of US adults (n= 1,055) and examined the relationship of REST-Q scores with other sleep and demographic characteristics. Pairwise correlations were performed between the REST-Q scores and other self-reported sleep measures. Weighted logistic regression analyses were conducted to compare scores on the REST-Q with demographic variables. The prevalence of higher REST-Q scores (4 or 5 on the Likert scale) was 28.1% in the nationally representative sample. REST-Q scores positively correlated with sleep quality (r=0.61) and sleep duration (r=0.32), and negatively correlated with both difficulty falling asleep (r=-0.40) and falling back asleep after waking (r=-0.41). Higher restorative sleep scores (indicating more feelings of restoration upon waking) were more common among those who were: ≥60 years of age (OR=4.20, 95%CI: 1.92-9.17); widowed (OR=2.35, 95%CI:1.01-5.42), and retired (OR=2.02, 95%CI:1.30-3.14). Higher restorative sleep scores were less frequent among those who were not working (OR=0.36, 95%CI: 0.10-1.00) and living in a household with two or more persons (OR=0.51,95%CI:0.29-0.87). Our findings suggest that the REST-Q may be useful for assessing restorative sleep.","journal":"Frontiers in Sleep","year":2022,"id":255540,"datarank":0.7464932024557467,"base_score":3.044522437723423,"endowment":3.044522437723423,"self_citation_contribution":0.4566783656585135,"citation_network_contribution":0.28981483679723324,"self_endowment_contribution":0.4566783656585135,"citer_contribution":0.28981483679723324,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":20,"citer_count":14,"citers_with_citation_signal":10,"citers_with_endowment":10,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9426,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":300824,"name":"Stuart F. Quan","orcid":"0000-0002-9474-7679","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":265804,"name":"Daniel J. Buysse","orcid":"0000-0002-3288-1864","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":458718,"name":"Matthew D. Weaver","orcid":"0000-0003-3578-336X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":241133,"name":"Matthew P. Walker","orcid":"0000-0002-7839-6389","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":290038,"name":"Christopher L. Drake","orcid":"0000-0002-5486-3587","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":904402,"name":"Kristen Monten","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":458719,"name":"Laura K. Barger","orcid":"0000-0001-8547-7331","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":301744,"name":"Shantha M. W. Rajaratnam","orcid":"0000-0001-7527-8558","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":290036,"name":"Thomas Roth","orcid":"0000-0001-8309-4134","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":339460,"name":"Charles A. Czeisler","orcid":"0000-0002-7408-1849","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":254915,"name":"Rebecca Robbins","orcid":"0000-0002-1046-4111","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":31,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:25:17.224217Z","pmid":"36042946","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}