{"doi":"10.3389/fpubh.2025.1712253","title":"The hidden epidemic of alcohol-induced neurological and psychiatric mortality in the U. S. (1999–2023): trends and disparities","abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Alcohol use posed a significant burden to public health, contributing substantially to mortality from neurological and psychiatric disorders. Understanding trends and disparities in alcohol-induced neurological and psychiatric (AINP) mortality is crucial for informed policy and targeted interventions.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study is to analyze trends in AINP mortality and associated demographic and geographic disparities in the US between 1999 and 2023.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data from the CDC WONDER database were collected to identify AINP related deaths via ICD-10 codes (F10, G31.2, G62.1). Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs, per 100,000 population) and annual percent changes (APCs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess temporal trends. An autoregressive integrated moving average model was used to predict mortality rate changes in high-risk populations by 2030.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 226,785 AINP deaths were reported. AAMR increased from 2.28 (1999) to 4.17 (2023), with no significant change (1999–2017: APC = −0.04%,\n                      <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\n                       = 0.934), accelerated increase (2018–2021: APC = 18.35%,\n                      <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\n                       = 0.036), followed by a modest decline (2021–2023: APC = −3.80%,\n                      <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\n                       &amp;lt; 0.046). Female AAMR showed a higher APC (3.89%,\n                      <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\n                       &amp;lt; 0.001) than males (2.55%). The Midwest showed the steepest APC (3.77%, p &amp;lt; 0.001), while the South and West showed the smallest increases (APC = 1.80 and 2.08%, both\n                      <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\n                       &amp;lt; 0.01). Mortality growth rates rosed with increasing urbanization. American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) populations had the highest AAMR, peaking at 21.13 in 2021 (APC 2.50%,\n                      <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\n                       = 0.004). White people accounted for most deaths (75.69%), with AMMR increasing continuously (APC = 3.45%,\n                      <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\n                       &amp;lt; 0.001)). Mortality peaked at ages 45–54 (crude rate: 7.86/100,000, 26.86% of deaths), 55–64 s most affected (30.98% of deaths). 56.85% of deaths occurred at home and 1.13% were pre-hospital. Female projections show a rising trend (APC 3.89%), while adults aged 45–74 show a slight decrease to 9.50 by 2030 despite a historical APC of 2.81%. Conclusions: From 1999 to 2023, US AINP mortality rosed steadily, disproportionately affecting females, AI/AN and White populations, Midwestern residents, and middle-aged and older adults. Most deaths occurred at home, reflecting healthcare access gaps. Targeted interventions for high-risk groups and regions, along with optimized medical resources allocation, are urgently needed.\n                    </jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>","journal":"Frontiers in Public Health","year":2026,"id":647923,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":546964,"name":"Yong Chen","orcid":"0000-0002-9820-1614","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":879917,"name":"Xueling Xiao","orcid":"0000-0002-8810-9291","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":788951,"name":"Yuhua Li","orcid":"0000-0003-2402-3234","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1688252,"name":"Kesheng Hu","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":320344,"name":"Ying Liu","orcid":"0000-0002-4966-3476","position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"The hidden epidemic of alcohol-induced neurological and psychiatric mortality in the U. S. (1999–2023): trends and disparities","abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Alcohol use posed a significant burden to public health, contributing substantially to mortality from neurological and psychiatric disorders. Understanding trends and disparities in alcohol-induced neurological and psychiatric (AINP) mortality is crucial for informed policy and targeted interventions.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study is to analyze trends in AINP mortality and associated demographic and geographic disparities in the US between 1999 and 2023.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data from the CDC WONDER database were collected to identify AINP related deaths via ICD-10 codes (F10, G31.2, G62.1). Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs, per 100,000 population) and annual percent changes (APCs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess temporal trends. An autoregressive integrated moving average model was used to predict mortality rate changes in high-risk populations by 2030.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 226,785 AINP deaths were reported. AAMR increased from 2.28 (1999) to 4.17 (2023), with no significant change (1999–2017: APC = −0.04%,\n                      <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\n                       = 0.934), accelerated increase (2018–2021: APC = 18.35%,\n                      <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\n                       = 0.036), followed by a modest decline (2021–2023: APC = −3.80%,\n                      <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\n                       &amp;lt; 0.046). Female AAMR showed a higher APC (3.89%,\n                      <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\n                       &amp;lt; 0.001) than males (2.55%). The Midwest showed the steepest APC (3.77%, p &amp;lt; 0.001), while the South and West showed the smallest increases (APC = 1.80 and 2.08%, both\n                      <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\n                       &amp;lt; 0.01). Mortality growth rates rosed with increasing urbanization. American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) populations had the highest AAMR, peaking at 21.13 in 2021 (APC 2.50%,\n                      <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\n                       = 0.004). White people accounted for most deaths (75.69%), with AMMR increasing continuously (APC = 3.45%,\n                      <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\n                       &amp;lt; 0.001)). Mortality peaked at ages 45–54 (crude rate: 7.86/100,000, 26.86% of deaths), 55–64 s most affected (30.98% of deaths). 56.85% of deaths occurred at home and 1.13% were pre-hospital. Female projections show a rising trend (APC 3.89%), while adults aged 45–74 show a slight decrease to 9.50 by 2030 despite a historical APC of 2.81%. Conclusions: From 1999 to 2023, US AINP mortality rosed steadily, disproportionately affecting females, AI/AN and White populations, Midwestern residents, and middle-aged and older adults. Most deaths occurred at home, reflecting healthcare access gaps. Targeted interventions for high-risk groups and regions, along with optimized medical resources allocation, are urgently needed.\n                    </jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"41584177","pmcid":"PMC12823930","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W7118737059","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":0.0,"citation_percentile":0.02595459,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[],"oa_status":"gold","license":"cc-by","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/public-health/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1712253/pdf","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://public-pages-files-2025.frontiersin.org/journals/public-health/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1712253/pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1712253/full","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1712253","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41584177","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12823930/","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC12823930","host_type":"Europe_PMC"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC12823930?pdf=render","host_type":"Europe_PMC"}],"fields_of_study":["Alcoholism and Thiamine Deficiency","Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes","Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects","United States","Humans","Female","Male","Mental Disorders","Middle Aged","Adult","Aged","Health Status Disparities","Alcohol-Induced Disorders, Nervous System"],"mesh_terms":["Adolescent","Adult","Aged","Alcohol Drinking","Mental Disorders","Female","Humans","Male","Middle Aged","Nervous System Diseases","United States","Alcohol-Induced Disorders, Nervous System","Health Status Disparities","Young Adult","Epidemics"],"keywords":["Psychological intervention","Mortality rate","Incidence (geometry)","Public health","White (mutation)","Age groups","Young adult","Female","Mortality","White","urbanization","Place Of Death","Middle-aged And Older Adults","Cdc Wonder","Alcohol-Induced Neurological And Psychiatric Disorders"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Good health and well-being"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-10T02:02:25.514522Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}