{"doi":"10.3389/fpubh.2022.1032130","title":"Longitudinal relationship between body fat percentage and risk of type 2 diabetes in Chinese adults: Evidence from the China Health and Nutrition Survey","abstract":"Objective Body fat percentage (BF%) might be an alternative index of obesity which is the major risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). We aim to longitudinally evaluated the relationship between BF% and risk of T2D. Methods A sample of 5,595 adults aged 18–65 who participated in two waves of China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS 2015 and 2018) was analyzed. Two level mixed-effects modified Poisson regression with robust estimation of variance stratified by sex was used to evaluate the risk ratios (RRs) for T2D according to quintiles of BF%, and the curves of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) were plotted to identify the optimal total and trunk BF% cut-off points for predicting an increased T2D risk. Results In males, compared with subjects in the first quintile of total BF%, those in the third (RR = 2.03, 95% CI 1.09–3.79), fourth (RR = 2.56, 95%CI 1.46–4.48), and fifth (RR = 2.16, 95%CI 1.22–3.82) quintile had higher risk of T2D after adjusting for all potential confounders ( p -trend < 0.001). For females, the RR (95% CI) was 1.92 (1.14, 3.24) in the fifth quintile ( p -trend = 0.014). Males and females with a trunk BF% >25.5 and 34.4% (≥ quintile 4), respectively, were at significantly increased risk of T2D ( p -trend = 0.001). Besides, the optimal cut-off values of total and trunk BF% were 21.9 and 25.2% for males, and 36.7 and 30.3% for females, respectively. Conclusions The incident risk of T2D significantly increased over specific level of total and trunk BF% in both Chinese males and females, and the optimal BF% cut-off values were valuable for clinical application of BF% based on sex difference, which may be a cost-effective implementation for prevention and treatment of T2D in China.","journal":"Frontiers in Public Health","year":2022,"id":265537,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":11,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.7777,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":240196,"name":"Hongru Jiang","orcid":"0000-0002-0747-6111","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":869067,"name":"Liusen Wang","orcid":"0000-0002-9426-3754","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":240192,"name":"Xiaofang Jia","orcid":"0000-0002-7127-0011","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":240189,"name":"Jiguo Zhang","orcid":"0000-0003-3266-8999","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":240188,"name":"Huijun Wang","orcid":"0000-0002-8064-4564","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":240197,"name":"Bing Zhang","orcid":"0000-0002-8399-9061","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":144481,"name":"Zhihong Wang","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":490965,"name":"Gangqiang Ding","orcid":"0000-0003-3478-5910","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":925168,"name":"Siting Zhang","orcid":"0009-0007-3336-7473","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":44,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:26:49.862989Z","pmid":"36523583","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}