{"doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2022.872403","title":"Importance of Linear Combination Modeling for Quantification of Glutathione and γ-Aminobutyric Acid Levels Using Hadamard-Edited Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy","abstract":"Background: H-MR spectra require modeling to quantify signals of low-concentration metabolites. Two main approaches are used for this spectral modeling: simple peak fitting and linear combination modeling (LCM) with a simulated basis set. Recent consensus recommended LCM as the method of choice for the spectral analysis of edited data. Purpose: The aim of this study is to compare the performance of simple peak fitting and LCM in a test-retest dataset, hypothesizing that the more sophisticated LCM approach would improve quantification of Hadamard-edited data compared with simple peak fitting. Methods: A test-retest dataset was re-analyzed using Gannet (simple peak fitting) and Osprey (LCM). These data were obtained from the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex of twelve healthy volunteers, with TE = 80 ms for HERMES and TE = 120 ms for MEGA-PRESS of glutathione (GSH). Within-subject coefficients of variation (CVs) were calculated to quantify between-scan reproducibility of each metabolite estimate. Results: The reproducibility of HERMES GSH estimates was substantially improved using LCM compared to simple peak fitting, from a CV of 19.0-9.9%. For MEGA-PRESS GSH data, reproducibility was similar using LCM and simple peak fitting, with CVs of 7.3 and 8.8%. GABA + CVs from HERMES were 16.7 and 15.2%, respectively for the two models. Conclusion: LCM with simulated basis functions substantially improved the reproducibility of GSH quantification for HERMES data.","journal":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","year":2022,"id":271650,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":12,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9554,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":238011,"name":"Helge J. Zöllner","orcid":"0000-0002-7148-292X","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":238012,"name":"Steve C. N. Hui","orcid":"0000-0002-1523-4040","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":311506,"name":"Kathleen E. Hupfeld","orcid":"0000-0001-5086-4841","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":238010,"name":"Georg Oeltzschner","orcid":"0000-0003-3083-9811","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":459004,"name":"James J. Prisciandaro","orcid":"0000-0002-8877-7871","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":238015,"name":"Richard A.E. Edden","orcid":"0000-0002-0671-7374","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":417910,"name":"Yulu Song","orcid":"0000-0002-4416-7959","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":48,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:27:39.717534Z","pmid":"35546940","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}