{"doi":"10.3389/fpls.2023.1183335","title":"A histochemical reporter system to study extracellular ATP response in plants","abstract":"When cells experience acute mechanical distress, they release ATP from their cellular compartment into the surrounding microenvironment. This extracellular ATP (eATP) can then act as a danger signal—signaling cellular damage. In plants, cells adjacent to damage detect rising eATP concentrations through the cell-surface receptor kinase, P2K1. Following eATP perception, P2K1 initiates a signaling cascade mobilizing plant defense. Recent transcriptome analysis revealed a profile of eATP-induced genes sharing pathogen- and wound-response hallmarks—consistent with a working model for eATP as a defense-mobilizing danger signal. To build on the transcriptional footprint and broaden our understanding of dynamic eATP signaling responses in plants, we aimed to i) generate a visual toolkit for eATP-inducible marker genes using a β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter system and ii) evaluate the spatiotemporal response of these genes to eATP in plant tissues. Here, we demonstrate that the promoter activities of five genes, ATPR1 , ATPR2 , TAT3 , WRKY46 , and CNGC19 , were highly sensitive to eATP in the primary root meristem and elongation zones with maximal responses at 2 h after treatment. These results suggest the primary root tip as a hub to study eATP-signaling activity and provide a proof-of-concept toward using these reporters to further dissect eATP and damage signaling in plants.","journal":"Frontiers in Plant Science","year":2023,"id":358514,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":11,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9517,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":659556,"name":"Kiwamu Tanaka","orcid":"0000-0001-5045-560X","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1083535,"name":"Joel M. Sowders","orcid":"0000-0002-0558-1575","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":51,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:13:43.629667Z","pmid":"37332691","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}