{"doi":"10.3389/fphys.2021.656441","title":"Free Fatty Acid Receptors as Mediators and Therapeutic Targets in Liver Disease","abstract":"Free fatty acid receptors (FFARs) are a class of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that have wide-ranging effects on human physiology. The four well-characterized FFARs are FFAR1/GPR40, FFAR2/GPR43, FFAR3/GPR41, and FFAR4/GPR120. Short-chain (<6 carbon) fatty acids target FFAR2/GPR43 and FFAR3/GPR41. Medium- and long-chain fatty acids (6-12 and 13-21 carbon, respectively) target both FFAR1/GPR40 and FFAR4/GPR120. Signaling through FFARs has been implicated in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD), and a variety of other liver disorders. FFARs are now regarded as targets for therapeutic intervention for liver disease, diabetes, obesity, hyperlipidemia, and metabolic syndrome. In this review, we provide an in-depth, focused summary of the role FFARs play in liver health and disease.","journal":"Frontiers in Physiology","year":2021,"id":153362,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":69,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9488,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":650348,"name":"Scott C. Fligor","orcid":"0000-0003-4591-9371","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":650349,"name":"Savas T. Tsikis","orcid":"0000-0001-7588-8372","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":510500,"name":"Lumeng J. Yu","orcid":"0000-0003-0370-4444","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":354288,"name":"Mark Puder","orcid":"0000-0002-7941-2926","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":511146,"name":"Jordan D. Secor","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":78,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:43:39.820288Z","pmid":"33897464","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}