{"doi":"10.3389/fped.2023.1235342","title":"Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children characterized by enhanced antigen-specific T-cell expression of cytokines and its reversal following recovery","abstract":"Background Multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS) in children is considered to be a post-infectious complication of COVID-19. T-cell responses in children with this condition have not been well-studied. Methods We aimed to study the immune responses in children with MIS in comparison to children with acute COVID-19 and children with other infections. Whole blood was stimulated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)–specific antigens and flow cytometry was performed to examine CD4 + and CD8 + T-cell responses. Results Children with MIS had higher frequencies of CD4 + and CD8 + T cells expressing cytokines at baseline and upon SARS-CoV-2 antigen–specific stimulation in comparison to children with COVID-19 and/or other infections. Children with COVID-19 also exhibited higher frequencies of CD4 + and CD8 + T cells expressing cytokines at baseline and upon SARS-CoV-2 antigen–specific stimulation in comparison to children with other infections. At 6–9 months following treatment and recovery, this enhanced response against SARS-CoV-2 antigens was down modulated in children with MIS. Conclusion Our study, therefore, provides evidence of enhanced activation of CD4 + and CD8 + T-cell responses in children with MIS and reversal following recovery.","journal":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","year":2023,"id":414664,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9578,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1196601,"name":"Kadar M. Abbas","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1196602,"name":"Rachel Mariam Renji","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1060626,"name":"Aishwarya Venkataraman","orcid":"0000-0002-7360-9736","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":340196,"name":"Arul Nancy","orcid":"0000-0002-9561-8967","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1196603,"name":"Poovazhagi Varadarjan","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":882836,"name":"Elilarasi Selladurai","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1138727,"name":"Thankgavelu Sangaralingam","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1196604,"name":"Ramya Selvam","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1196605,"name":"Akshith Thimmaiah","orcid":null,"position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1196292,"name":"Suresh Natarajan","orcid":"0000-0001-7473-5681","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1196606,"name":"Ganesh Ramasamy","orcid":null,"position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":340197,"name":"Syed Hissar","orcid":"0000-0003-0905-1552","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":603343,"name":"Uma Devi Ranganathan","orcid":"0000-0001-6103-0818","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":287794,"name":"Thomas B. Nutman","orcid":"0000-0001-6887-4941","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":299467,"name":"Subash Babu","orcid":"0000-0001-9783-8042","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":299463,"name":"Nathella Pavan Kumar","orcid":"0000-0002-4901-1507","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":28,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:22:05.177070Z","pmid":"38116577","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}