{"doi":"10.3389/fped.2020.00109","title":"Predictors of Developmental Patterns of Obesity in Young Children","abstract":"Introduction: The current study characterizes longitudinal patterns in obesity and their prediction from developmental programming and social determinant hypotheses of childhood obesity. Materials and Methods: The data are based on the Family Life Project, a prospective longitudinal study of 1,292 families recruited from low-income, racially diverse, rural communities in Pennsylvania and North Carolina. Prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal risks for childhood obesity were collected from 2 months of age; in-person assessments of child growth were used to identity obesity on multiple occasions from 24 to 90 months of age. Results: Two major novel findings emerged. First, longitudinal analyses identified four distinct obesity development profiles: stable obesity, later-onset obesity, moderate/declining obesity, and non-obese; these groups had distinct risk profiles. Second, prediction analyses favored developmental programming explanations for obesity, including evidence even in early childhood that both low- and high birth weight was associated with stable obesity. There was no indication that pre- and perinatal and postnatal factors predicted obesity differently in non-minority and minority children. Discussion: Factors derived from the developmental programming model of obesity overlapped with, but predicted early onset obesity independently from, risks associated with social determinant models of obesity.","journal":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","year":2020,"id":102188,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":26,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.5545,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":44758,"name":"Jason Williams","orcid":"0000-0002-3804-2594","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":275842,"name":"Clancy Blair","orcid":"0000-0003-2738-238X","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":499331,"name":"Lisa M. Gatzke‐Kopp","orcid":"0000-0003-4470-4555","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":499332,"name":"Lori A. Francis","orcid":"0000-0002-6269-738X","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":309161,"name":"Michael T. Willoughby","orcid":"0000-0002-8470-3533","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":498135,"name":"Thomas G. O’Connor","orcid":"0009-0000-4894-9002","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":52,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T22:40:51.552773Z","pmid":"32266187","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}