{"doi":"10.3389/fonc.2020.01674","title":"Video-Mosaicked Handheld Dual-Axis Confocal Microscopy of Gliomas: An ex vivo Feasibility Study in Humans","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Intraoperative confocal microscopy can enable high-resolution cross-sectional imaging of intact tissues as a non-invasive real-time alternative to gold-standard histology. However, all current means of intraoperative confocal microscopy are hindered by a limited field of view (FOV), presenting a challenge for evaluating gliomas, which are highly heterogeneous. OBJECTIVE: This study explored the use of image mosaicking with handheld dual-axis confocal (DAC) microscopy of fresh human glioma specimens. METHODS: In this preliminary technical feasibility study, fresh human glioma specimens from 6 patients were labeled with a fast-acting topical stain (acridine orange) and imaged using a newly developed DAC microscope prototype. RESULTS: In comparison to individual image frames with small fields of view, mosaicked images from a DAC microscope correlate better with gold-standard H&E-stained histology images, including the ability to visualize gradual transitions from areas of dense cellularity to sparse cellularity within the tumor. CONCLUSION: LS-DAC microscopy provides high-resolution, high-contrast images of glioma tissues that agree with corresponding H&E histology. Compared with individual image frames, mosaicked images provide more accurate representations of the overall cytoarchitecture of heterogeneous glioma tissues. Further investigation is needed to evaluate the ability of high-resolution mosaicked microscopy to improve the extent of glioma resection and patient outcomes.","journal":"Frontiers in Oncology","year":2020,"id":111240,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":5,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.948,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":528479,"name":"Linpeng Wei","orcid":"0000-0003-3257-7691","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":305856,"name":"Patrick J. Cimino","orcid":"0000-0003-0441-4502","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":20776,"name":"Jonathan Liu","orcid":"0000-0001-5650-3086","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":472040,"name":"Nader Sanai","orcid":"0000-0002-5581-0516","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":528478,"name":"Yoko Fujita","orcid":"0000-0002-2411-5473","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":35,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:13:05.597252Z","pmid":"32974207","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}