{"doi":"10.3389/fneur.2025.1479183","title":"Neuroimaging advances in neurocognitive disorders among HIV-infected individuals","abstract":"<jats:p>Although combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has been widely applied and effectively extends the lifespan of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), these patients remain at a substantially increased risk of developing neurocognitive impairment, commonly referred to as HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has emerged as an indispensable tool for characterizing the brain function and structure. In this review, we focus on the applications of various MRI-based neuroimaging techniques in individuals infected with HIV. Functional MRI, structural MRI, diffusion MRI, and quantitative MRI have all contributed to advancing our comprehension of the neurological alterations caused by HIV. It is hoped that more reliable evidence can be achieved to fully determine the driving factors of cognitive impairment in HIV through the combination of multi-modal MRI and the utilization of more advanced neuroimaging analysis methods.</jats:p>","journal":"Frontiers in Neurology","year":2025,"id":651308,"datarank":0.24141568686511508,"base_score":1.6094379124341003,"endowment":1.6094379124341003,"self_citation_contribution":0.24141568686511508,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.24141568686511508,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":4,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1698539,"name":"Xiaolin Jiu","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":205897,"name":"Zihua Wang","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":154691,"name":"Yanwei Zhang","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":406775,"name":"Han Wang","orcid":"0009-0004-6776-5013","position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Neuroimaging advances in neurocognitive disorders among HIV-infected individuals","abstract":"<jats:p>Although combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has been widely applied and effectively extends the lifespan of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), these patients remain at a substantially increased risk of developing neurocognitive impairment, commonly referred to as HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has emerged as an indispensable tool for characterizing the brain function and structure. In this review, we focus on the applications of various MRI-based neuroimaging techniques in individuals infected with HIV. Functional MRI, structural MRI, diffusion MRI, and quantitative MRI have all contributed to advancing our comprehension of the neurological alterations caused by HIV. It is hoped that more reliable evidence can be achieved to fully determine the driving factors of cognitive impairment in HIV through the combination of multi-modal MRI and the utilization of more advanced neuroimaging analysis methods.</jats:p>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":1.6094379124341003,"endowment":1.6094379124341003,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"40017532","pmcid":"PMC11864956","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W4407556213","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":2.4412,"citation_percentile":0.86589078,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2025,"count":2},{"year":2026,"count":2}],"oa_status":"gold","license":"cc-by","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neurology/articles/10.3389/fneur.2025.1479183/pdf","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neurology/articles/10.3389/fneur.2025.1479183/pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2025.1479183/full","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2025.1479183","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40017532","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11864956","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://doaj.org/article/91f2a9367d3f48b3afad4fd3e3d7acf8","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11864956/pdf/fneur-16-1479183.pdf","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC11864956","host_type":"Europe_PMC"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC11864956?pdf=render","host_type":"Europe_PMC"}],"fields_of_study":["HIV Research and Treatment","Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research","HIV-related health complications and treatments"],"mesh_terms":[],"keywords":["Neurocognitive","Neuroimaging","Magnetic resonance imaging","Medicine","Diffusion MRI","Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","Brain Structure and Function","Functional magnetic resonance imaging","Neuroscience","Cognition","Antiretroviral therapy","Psychology","Psychiatry","Radiology","Viral load","Immunology","Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging","Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging","Hiv-associated Neurocognitive Disorders","Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Good health and well-being"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-10T07:23:31.877709Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}