{"doi":"10.3389/fneur.2020.540156","title":"AQP4-IgG and MOG-IgG Related Optic Neuritis—Prevalence, Optical Coherence Tomography Findings, and Visual Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","abstract":"Background:Optic neuritis (ON) is a cardinal manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS), aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-IgG and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-IgG associated disease. However, the prevalence of AQP4-IgG seropositivity and MOG-IgG seropositivity in isolated ON is unclear, and studies comparing visual outcomes and optical coherence tomography (OCT)-derived structural retinal measures between MS-ON, AQP4-ON and MOG-ON eyes are limited by small sample sizes. Objectives:1) To assess the prevalence of AQP4-IgG and MOG-IgG seropositivity among patients presenting with isolated ON; 2) To compare visual outcomes and OCT measures between AQP4-ON, MOG-ON and MS-ON eyes. Methods:In this systematic review and meta-analysis, a total of 65 eligible studies were identified by Pubmed search. Statistical analyses were performed with random effects models. Results:In adults with isolated ON, AQP4-IgG seroprevalence was 4% in non-Asian and 27% in Asian populations, whereas MOG-IgG seroprevalence was 8% and 20% respectively. In children, AQP4-IgG seroprevalence was 0.4% in non-Asian and 15% in Asian populations, whereas MOG-IgG seroprevalence was 47% and 31% respectively. AQP4-ON eyes had lower peri-papillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL; -11.7μm, 95% CI: -15.2 to -8.3μm) and macular ganglion cell+inner plexiform layer (GCIPL; -9.0μm, 95% CI -12.5 to -5.4μm) thicknesses compared with MS-ON eyes. Similarly, pRNFL (-11.2μm, 95% CI -21.5 to -0.9μm) and GCIPL (-6.1μm, 95% CI -10.8 to -1.3μm) thicknesses were lower in MOG-ON compared to MS-ON eyes, but did not differ between AQP4-ON and MOG-ON eyes (pRNFL: -1.9μm, 95% CI: -9.1 to 5.4μm; GCIPL: -2.6μm, 95% CI: -8.9 to 3.8μm). Visual outcomes were worse in AQP4-ON compared to both MOG-ON (mean logMAR difference: 0.60, 95% CI 0.39 to 0.81) and MS-ON eyes (mean logMAR difference: 0.68, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.96), but were similar in MOG-ON and MS-ON eyes (mean logMAR difference: 0.04, 95% CI: -0.05 to 0.14). Conclusions:AQP4-IgG and MOG-IgG associated disease are important diagnostic considerations in adults presenting with isolated ON, especially in Asian populations. Furthermore, MOG-IgG seroprevalence is especially high in pediatric isolated ON, in both non-Asian and Asian populations. Despite a similar severity of GCIPL and pRNFL thinning in AQP4-ON and MOG-ON, AQP4-ON is associated with markedly worse visual outcomes.","journal":"Frontiers in Neurology","year":2020,"id":54486,"datarank":0.6980940525236285,"base_score":4.653960350157523,"endowment":4.653960350157523,"self_citation_contribution":0.6980940525236285,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.6980940525236285,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":104,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9669,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":280479,"name":"Loulwah Mukharesh","orcid":"0000-0002-7662-1079","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":280480,"name":"Shiv Saidha","orcid":"0000-0001-6387-0714","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":241645,"name":"Peter A. Calabresi","orcid":"0000-0002-7776-6472","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":241641,"name":"Elias S. Sotirchos","orcid":"0000-0002-8812-1637","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":280478,"name":"Angeliki Filippatou","orcid":"0000-0003-0419-233X","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":118,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-18T21:04:14.743014Z","pmid":"33132999","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}