{"doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2021.686793","title":"Searching for the Secret of Stickiness: How Biofilms Adhere to Surfaces","abstract":"Bacterial biofilms are communities of cells enclosed in an extracellular polymeric matrix in which cells adhere to each other and to foreign surfaces. The development of a biofilm is a dynamic process that involves multiple steps, including cell-surface attachment, matrix production, and population expansion. Increasing evidence indicates that biofilm adhesion is one of the main factors contributing to biofilm-associated infections in clinics and biofouling in industrial settings. This review focuses on describing biofilm adhesion strategies among different bacteria, including Vibrio cholerae , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and Staphylococcus aureus . Techniques used to characterize biofilm adhesion are also reviewed. An understanding of biofilm adhesion strategies can guide the development of novel approaches to inhibit or manipulate biofilm adhesion and growth.","journal":"Frontiers in Microbiology","year":2021,"id":152932,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":72,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9506,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":650448,"name":"Thomas Nero","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":649282,"name":"Sampriti Mukherjee","orcid":"0000-0002-5509-8776","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":649283,"name":"Rich Olson","orcid":"0000-0002-5432-206X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":256315,"name":"Jing Yan","orcid":"0000-0003-2773-0348","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":649281,"name":"Zhaowei Jiang","orcid":"0000-0002-1309-3483","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":196,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:43:39.820288Z","pmid":"34305846","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}