{"doi":"10.3389/fimmu.2023.1210372","title":"Alterations of lipid-related genes during anti-tuberculosis treatment: insights into host immune responses and potential transcriptional biomarkers","abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>The optimal diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis (TB) are challenging due to underdiagnosis and inadequate treatment monitoring. Lipid-related genes are crucial components of the host immune response in TB. However, their dynamic expression and potential usefulness for monitoring response to anti-TB treatment are unclear. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methodology</jats:title><jats:p>In the present study, we used a targeted, knowledge-based approach to investigate the expression of lipid-related genes during anti-TB treatment and their potential use as biomarkers of treatment response. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results and discussion</jats:title><jats:p>The expression levels of 10 genes (<jats:italic>ARPC5</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>ACSL4</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>PLD4</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>LIPA</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CHMP2B</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>RAB5A</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>GABARAPL2</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>PLA2G4A</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>MBOAT2</jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>MBOAT1</jats:italic>) were significantly altered during standard anti-TB treatment. We evaluated the potential usefulness of this 10-lipid-gene signature for TB diagnosis and treatment monitoring in various clinical scenarios across multiple populations. We also compared this signature with other transcriptomic signatures. The 10-lipid-gene signature could distinguish patients with TB from those with latent tuberculosis infection and non-TB controls (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve &amp;gt; 0.7 for most cases); it could also be useful for monitoring response to anti-TB treatment. Although the performance of the new signature was not better than that of previous signatures (i.e., RISK6, Sambarey10, Long10), our results suggest the usefulness of metabolism-centric biomarkers</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>Lipid-related genes play significant roles in TB pathophysiology and host immune responses. Furthermore, transcriptomic signatures related to the immune response and lipid-related gene may be useful for TB diagnosis and treatment monitoring.</jats:p></jats:sec>","journal":"Frontiers in Immunology","year":2023,"id":611538,"datarank":0.29188652235829704,"base_score":1.9459101490553132,"endowment":1.9459101490553132,"self_citation_contribution":0.29188652235829704,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.29188652235829704,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":6,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1573901,"name":"Nguyen Tran Nam Tien","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1573902,"name":"Nguyen Ky Anh","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":796109,"name":"Nguyen Thi Hai Yen","orcid":"0000-0001-5375-5616","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1573904,"name":"Yoon Ah Lee","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1573906,"name":"Hoang Kim Tu Trinh","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1573908,"name":"Kieu-Minh Le","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1573910,"name":"Sangzin Ahn","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1573911,"name":"Yong-Soon Cho","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":426335,"name":"Seongoh Park","orcid":"0000-0002-8510-839X","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":169381,"name":"Dong Hyun Kim","orcid":"0000-0002-3871-7002","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":305970,"name":"Nguyen Phuoc Long","orcid":"0000-0002-4678-0546","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1573912,"name":"Jae-Gook Shin","orcid":null,"position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1573900,"name":"Nguyen Ky Phat","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Alterations of lipid-related genes during anti-tuberculosis treatment: insights into host immune responses and potential transcriptional biomarkers","abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>The optimal diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis (TB) are challenging due to underdiagnosis and inadequate treatment monitoring. Lipid-related genes are crucial components of the host immune response in TB. However, their dynamic expression and potential usefulness for monitoring response to anti-TB treatment are unclear. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methodology</jats:title><jats:p>In the present study, we used a targeted, knowledge-based approach to investigate the expression of lipid-related genes during anti-TB treatment and their potential use as biomarkers of treatment response. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results and discussion</jats:title><jats:p>The expression levels of 10 genes (<jats:italic>ARPC5</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>ACSL4</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>PLD4</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>LIPA</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CHMP2B</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>RAB5A</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>GABARAPL2</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>PLA2G4A</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>MBOAT2</jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>MBOAT1</jats:italic>) were significantly altered during standard anti-TB treatment. We evaluated the potential usefulness of this 10-lipid-gene signature for TB diagnosis and treatment monitoring in various clinical scenarios across multiple populations. We also compared this signature with other transcriptomic signatures. The 10-lipid-gene signature could distinguish patients with TB from those with latent tuberculosis infection and non-TB controls (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve &amp;gt; 0.7 for most cases); it could also be useful for monitoring response to anti-TB treatment. Although the performance of the new signature was not better than that of previous signatures (i.e., RISK6, Sambarey10, Long10), our results suggest the usefulness of metabolism-centric biomarkers</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>Lipid-related genes play significant roles in TB pathophysiology and host immune responses. Furthermore, transcriptomic signatures related to the immune response and lipid-related gene may be useful for TB diagnosis and treatment monitoring.</jats:p></jats:sec>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":1.791759469228055,"endowment":1.791759469228055,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"38022579","pmcid":"PMC10644770","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W4388077902","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","grant_id":"","title":null}],"total_grants":1,"fwci":0.85,"citation_percentile":0.71884159,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2024,"count":2},{"year":2025,"count":2},{"year":2026,"count":1}],"oa_status":"gold","license":"cc-by","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1210372/pdf?isPublishedV2=False","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1210372/pdf?isPublishedV2=False","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1210372/full","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1210372","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38022579","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10644770","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://doaj.org/article/9c54cbc7166e4770b5ff4e1afd7cfb97","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10644770/pdf/fimmu-14-1210372.pdf","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC10644770","host_type":"Europe_PMC"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC10644770?pdf=render","host_type":"Europe_PMC"}],"fields_of_study":["Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology","Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis","Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis","Humans","Mycobacterium tuberculosis","Tuberculosis","Biomarkers","Immunity","Lipids","Acetyltransferases","Membrane Proteins"],"mesh_terms":["Acetyltransferases","Humans","Immunity","Lipids","Membrane Proteins","Mycobacterium tuberculosis","Tuberculosis","Biomarkers"],"keywords":["Immune system","Transcriptome","Tuberculosis","Gene","Biomarker","Gene expression","Gene signature","Lipid metabolism","Medicine","Immunology","Mycobacterium tuberculosis","Computational biology","Biology","Bioinformatics","Genetics","Internal medicine","Pathology","Differential diagnosis","Treatment Monitoring","Transcriptomic Biomarker","Lipid-Related Gene"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Good health and well-being"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-01T20:25:18.760827Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}